Dissertation Research: Functional Morphology of the Hominoid Back

论文研究：类人猿背部的功能形态学

• 批准号: 8823083
• 负责人: William Jungers
• 金额: $ 0.99万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-04-01 至 1990-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8823083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Functional; Morphology; Hominoid

The primary objective of this research is to understand and interpret the anatomical changes that took place in the human back during the transition to bipedalism among our ancestors. This is a biological problem of considerble interest to anthropologists and the results will be directly relevant to reconstructing locomotor behavior and the transformation to bipedality in the fossil record. The first step in solving this problem will be to conduct a thorough description of the musculoskeletal anatomy of the back of apes and an analysis of its function in locomotion. The proposed study will combine (1) osteometric comparision of the lower thoracic and lumbar regions of the back among humans, apes, and other selected primates; (2) comparative dissections of the muscles of this region in the same species; and, (3) cineradiographic analysis of the movements of the vertebral column in several species, so that functional hypotheses can be verified more objectively. Anthropologists currently disagree on both the posture and locomotion that likely characterized our prebipedal ancestor and on the identification of fully modern bipedality in the fossil record. The results of this study will contribute to our knowledge of locomotor analysis and function in the living apes, and identify anatomical correlates to upright posture in several types of primates. Moreover, it should prove valuable to future understanding of the origin of human bipedalism.

本研究的主要目的是了解和 解释人体的解剖学变化 在我们的祖先向两足行走过渡的时候。 这是一个非常有趣的生物学问题， 人类学家和结果将直接相关， 重建运动行为， 化石记录中的两足动物 解决这个问题的第一步 问题将是进行彻底的描述， 类人猿背部肌肉骨骼解剖学及分析 它在运动中的功能。 拟议的研究将结合联合收割机（1） 人类背部的下胸部和腰部区域， 类人猿和其他选定的灵长类动物;（2）比较解剖 同一物种中该区域的肌肉;以及，（3） 椎体运动的X线电影分析 列在几个物种，使功能假说可以 更客观地验证。 人类学家目前对这种姿势和 可能是我们前两足祖先的特征， 在化石中鉴定出完全现代的两足动物 记录 这项研究的结果将有助于我们 关于猿类运动分析和功能的知识， 并在几个方面确定与直立姿势的解剖学相关性， 灵长类动物的种类 此外，它应该证明对未来有价值 了解人类两足行走的起源。