Constructing Concepts of Average

构建平均概念

• 批准号: 8851114
• 负责人: Susan Jo Russell
• 金额: $ 18.72万
• 依托单位: TERC Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-05-01 至 1990-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8851114&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Constructing; Concepts; Average

The goal of this project is to examine how people develop, construct, interpret, and represent concepts of central tendency, or average. From this understanding, more effective directions for the teaching and learning of statistics at the elementary and middle school levels will be derived. Given the major educational thrust toward statistical literacy for all, and given the clear lack of research on what children understand about statistics, this study represents an important step in linking research to emerging mathematics teaching practices. During the first year of the project, fourth, sixth, and eighth graders as well as teachers of these grades will be interviewed to determine how they find and interpret average. Participants will use a variety of materials to solve and represent problems involving engaging, familiar quantitative data. Analysis of these interviews will identify the concepts, approaches, misconceptions, representations, and rules exhibited by individuals at these ages. A theoretical model of conceptions of average will be constructed from the first year's analysis. Based on this model, a series of teaching interviews, using concrete and software-based representations, will be devised. The second year's research will focus on investigating how inadequate cognitive models of average can become more complete and flexible.

这个项目的目标是研究人们如何开发，构建， 解释并代表集中趋势或平均值的概念。 从 这种理解，更有效地指导教学， 在小学和中学学习统计学将 衍生出来。 考虑到统计学的主要教育目标 全民扫盲，并鉴于显然缺乏关于儿童 了解统计学，这项研究代表了重要的一步， 将研究与新兴的数学教学实践联系起来。 在项目的第一年，四年级，六年级和八年级的学生 以及这些年级的教师将接受采访，以确定如何 他们发现并解释平均值。 参与者将使用各种 材料来解决和代表问题，涉及从事，熟悉 定量数据 对这些访谈的分析将确定 概念、方法、误解、表述和规则 在这些年龄段的人身上表现出来。 的理论模型 平均数的概念将从第一年的 分析. 基于这一模式，一系列的教学访谈，使用 具体和基于软件的表示，将被设计。 的 第二年的研究将集中在调查如何不足， 平均的认知模型可以变得更加完整和灵活。