Study of Solar-Variability-QBO-Weather Relations in the Context of Variations in Cosmic Rays Fluxes and Storm Intensification

大量的数据提供了强有力的证据 气旋扰动与急流一起， 对流层顶高度随11年太阳活动周期而变化 赤道平流层准两年振荡 风（QBO）。 对磁暴、太阳能的短期反应 风区边界和太阳耀斑已经被发现， 这些都可以作为诊断的有效性进行检查， 对流层和低层太阳变率的载体 平流层 发现了一种新的短期反应， 对流层顶气压和垂直温度变化形式 太阳耀斑发生后两天内对流层的廓线， 高速等离子体流（HSPS）。 这种效果是由 在银河系宇宙射线的背景下是可以理解的 太阳变化的主要载体。 这笔赠款将支持与以下方面有关的数据分析工作： 太阳变率/QBO/气候效应 银河系宇宙射线是太阳的主要载体 可变性 将对时间的充足性进行测试 宇宙射线通量的变化，特别是能量 范围为0.3至3 GeV，以解释观察到的短期和 长期太阳变率对对流层的影响， 低平流层 将对以下方面的变化进行分析： 平流层次要成分的变化 对流层QBO变化的化学/气溶胶载体。 这项工作应提供几个可能的限制 对流层/平流层响应机制，特别是 涉及对云的电和化学效应的那些 微观物理学，以及潜在的热量释放和 风暴增强

An accumulating body of data has provided strong evidence that cyclonic disturbances together with the jet stream at tropopause altitudes vary in response to the 11 year solar cycle and to the quasibiennial oscillation of equatorial stratospheric winds (the QBO). Short term responses to magnetic storms, solar wind sector boundaries, and solar flares have been found, and these can be examined as diagnostics on the effectiveness of carriers of solar variability to the troposphere and lower stratosphere. A new short term response has been found in the form of changes in tropopause pressure and vertical temperature profile in the troposphere in the two days following solar-flare- related high-speed plasma streams (HSPS). This effect is made understandable in the context of galactic cosmic rays being the main carrier of the solar variability. This grant will support a data analysis effort relevant to Solar Variability/QBO/Weather effects in the context of the galactic cosmic rays being the main carrier of the solar variability. Tests will be made of the adequacy of the time variations of the cosmic ray flux, particularly for the energy range 0.3 to 3 GeV, to account for the observed short term and long term solar variability influences on the troposphere and lower stratosphere. An analysis will be made of variations in stratospheric minor constituent variations in the context of chemical/aerosol carriers for the tropospheric QBO variation. The work should provide constraints on several possible mechanisms of troposphere/stratosphere response, particularly those involving electrical and chemical effects on cloud microphysics, and on possible links to latent heat release and storm intensification.