Study of Solar-Variability-QBO-Weather Relations in the Context of Variations in Cosmic Rays Fluxes and Storm Intensification

积累的大量数据提供了强有力的证据，表明气旋扰动与对流层顶高度的急流一起随着11年太阳周期和赤道平流层风的准两年振荡(QBO)而变化。已经发现了对磁暴、太阳风扇区边界和太阳耀斑的短期响应，这些可以作为对太阳可变性载体对对流层和低平流层的有效性的诊断。在太阳耀斑相关的高速等离子体流(HSP)后的两天内，对流层对流层顶气压和垂直温度廓线的变化是一个新的短期响应。在星系宇宙射线是太阳可变性的主要载体的背景下，这种效应是可以理解的。这笔赠款将在银河系宇宙射线是太阳可变性的主要载体的情况下，支持与太阳可变性/QBO/天气效应有关的数据分析工作。将测试宇宙射线通量的时间变化是否足够，特别是对于0.3至3GeV的能量范围，以考虑到观测到的对对流层和平流层低层的短期和长期太阳变率影响。将在对流层QBO变化的化学/气溶胶载体的背景下分析平流层微小成分变化的变化。这项工作应限制对流层/平流层反应的几种可能机制，特别是涉及对云微物理的电气和化学效应的机制，以及与潜热释放和风暴加强的可能联系。

An accumulating body of data has provided strong evidence that cyclonic disturbances together with the jet stream at tropopause altitudes vary in response to the 11 year solar cycle and to the quasibiennial oscillation of equatorial stratospheric winds (the QBO). Short term responses to magnetic storms, solar wind sector boundaries, and solar flares have been found, and these can be examined as diagnostics on the effectiveness of carriers of solar variability to the troposphere and lower stratosphere. A new short term response has been found in the form of changes in tropopause pressure and vertical temperature profile in the troposphere in the two days following solar-flare- related high-speed plasma streams (HSPS). This effect is made understandable in the context of galactic cosmic rays being the main carrier of the solar variability. This grant will support a data analysis effort relevant to Solar Variability/QBO/Weather effects in the context of the galactic cosmic rays being the main carrier of the solar variability. Tests will be made of the adequacy of the time variations of the cosmic ray flux, particularly for the energy range 0.3 to 3 GeV, to account for the observed short term and long term solar variability influences on the troposphere and lower stratosphere. An analysis will be made of variations in stratospheric minor constituent variations in the context of chemical/aerosol carriers for the tropospheric QBO variation. The work should provide constraints on several possible mechanisms of troposphere/stratosphere response, particularly those involving electrical and chemical effects on cloud microphysics, and on possible links to latent heat release and storm intensification.