U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research: Studies in Astrochemistry

美日合作研究：天体化学研究

• 批准号: 8915252
• 负责人: William Irvine
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-01 至 1993-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8915252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Japan; Cooperative; Research; Studies

This award supports collaboration in astrochemistry between Professors William M. Irvine, Paul F. Goldsmith, and F. Peter Schloerb, of the University of Massachusetts; and Professor Shuji Saito, Nagoya University, Japan, as well as other Japanese investigators at Nagoya University, Toyama University, and the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. The researchers will cooperate in several studies aimed at increasing understanding of the chemical composition and processes in interstellar molecular clouds, using the techniques of high-frequency radio astronomy and modern laboratory molecular spectroscopy. The laboratory work will be carried out primarily in the Department of Astrophysics at the University of Nagoya, while astronomical observations will be made at the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO), which is operated by the University of Massachusetts, and at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. Chemistry plays an increasingly well-recognized role in the study of important astronomical environments, including the interstellar molecular clouds where stars are believed to form, the envelopes expelled by both young and evolved stars, and cometary comae. In this project, the strengths of three research facilities are brought together, one in the U.S. and two in Japan. Both the U.S. and Japanese investigators bring significant experience and expertise in astrochemistry to this effort. The 14-meter diameter radio telescope of the FCRAO is the largest single-dish millimeter wavelength telescope in North America. Used in conjunction with various state-of-the-art receivers developed at FCRAO, it provides extremely high sensitivity in several spectral frequency regions of interest in these studies. The 45-meter radio telescope at Nobeyama is the largest radio telescope in the world for observations at millimeter wavelengths, and so offers the highest resolution at these wavelengths available with any single dish antenna. Members of the Molecular Spectroscopy Group in the Department of Astrophysics at Nagoya are among world leaders in the laboratory study of highly reactive, unstable molecular species. Cooperation among these three groups has existed for several years, and this award will permit the collaboration to be strengthened and expanded. Specific projects proposed for study include spectral surveys of cold, quiescent interstellar clouds to better determine their chemical composition, investigations of possible molecular formation or equilibration on interstellar grains, studies of the degree of chemical saturation in different environments, and determination of the relative abundance of closely related molecular species in order to investigate reaction pathways.

该奖项支持天体化学领域的合作， 教授威廉M. Irvine，Paul F.金匠和F.彼得 马萨诸塞州大学的Schloerb教授和 日本名古屋大学的齐藤以及其他日本 名古屋大学、富山大学和 野边山电波观测所 研究人员将合作， 几项旨在加深对这种化学品的了解的研究 星际分子云的组成和过程， 高频射电天文学技术和现代 实验室分子光谱学 实验室工作将 主要在天体物理学系进行， 名古屋大学，同时进行天文观测 五所大学射电天文台（FCRAO）， 由马萨诸塞州大学经营，在野边山 无线电天文台。 化学在研究中扮演着越来越被认可的角色 重要的天文环境，包括星际 据信恒星形成的分子云， 由年轻恒星和演化恒星以及彗星状的彗发所驱逐。 在 在这个项目中，三个研究设施的优势是 一个在美国，两个在日本。 无论是美国 日本研究人员带来了丰富的经验， 天体化学的专业知识。 直径14米的 FCRAO的射电望远镜是世界上最大的单碟毫米 波长望远镜在北美。 结合使用 FCRAO开发的各种最先进的接收器，它提供 在多个光谱频率区域具有极高的灵敏度 对这些研究感兴趣。 45米射电望远镜 野边山是世界上最大的射电望远镜， 在毫米波长的观测，因此提供了最高的 分辨率在这些波长可用的任何一个单一的菜 天线 分子光谱学小组成员 名古屋的天体物理学系是世界领先的 高活性、不稳定分子的实验室研究 物种 这三个团体之间的合作已经存在了 几年来，这个奖项将允许合作， 加强和扩大。 建议研究的具体项目 包括对寒冷、静止的星际云进行光谱调查， 更好地确定其化学成分， 可能的分子形成或平衡 谷物中化学饱和度的研究 环境，并确定相对丰度 密切相关的分子物种，以研究反应 途径。