Emiliania Huxleyi: Role of the Scaled Flagellate in the Life Cycle and Bloom Dynamics

Emiliania Huxleyi：鳞状鞭毛虫在生命周期和绽放动力学中的作用

• 批准号: 8916800
• 负责人: Lynda Shapiro
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-15 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8916800&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Emiliania; Huxleyi; Role; Scaled; Flagellate

Since its origin in the late Pleistocene, >Emiliania huxleyi> has become ubiquitous in the world's oceans. It is the most abundant living coccolithophore and the most important organism in the transfer of atmospheric carbon dioxide to the ocean sediments. Morphological forms include coccolith.bearing and naked coccoid cells, and scaled flagellates. Only the coccolith.bearing morphotype is readily identifiable in natural samples, and all studies to date on the distribution and abundance of the species have been studies of only this morphotype. Comparison to other coccolithophores suggests the motile form is an alternate life cycle stage, but the life cycle of >Emiliania hyxleyi> remains poorly understood, and its role in bloom dynamics is unknown. Recently developed techniques permit identification and tracking of naked and flagellated >Emliliania huyxleyi> cells in natural populations and simplify determination of ploidy in cultured cells. The objectives of this research are (1) to compare the abundances and distributions of the flagellated form to that of the coccoid forms in natural populations before, during and after blooms, (2) to establish ploidy and the life history, and thus (3) to determine the role of the flagellated form, and of sexual recombination, in bloom dynamics.

自晚更新世起源以来，>Emiliania huxleyi> 已在世界海洋中无处不在。 它是最丰富的活球石藻，也是将大气二氧化碳转移到海洋沉积物中最重要的生物。 形态形式包括带有球石的细胞和裸球状细胞，以及有鳞的鞭毛虫。 在自然样品中，只有含有一颗颗石的形态类型是容易识别的，并且迄今为止所有关于该物种的分布和丰度的研究都只是针对这种形态类型的研究。 与其他颗石藻的比较表明，运动形式是生命周期的一个替代阶段，但对>Emiliania hyxleyi>的生命周期仍然知之甚少，其在水华动态中的作用也是未知的。 最近开发的技术可以识别和跟踪自然群体中裸露的和有鞭毛的 >Emliliania huyxleyi> 细胞，并简化培养细胞中倍性的测定。 本研究的目的是（1）比较自然种群在开花前、开花期间和开花后鞭毛形式与球状形式的丰度和分布，（2）建立倍性和生活史，从而（3）确定鞭毛形式和有性重组在开花动态中的作用。