Effects of Freezing on Intertidal Seaweeds

冰冻对潮间带海藻的影响

• 批准号: 9012622
• 负责人: Ian Davison
• 金额: $ 20.45万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9012622&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effects; Freezing; Intertidal; Seaweeds

Intertidal algae in sub-polar and temperate regions experience frequent and severe freezing during tidal emersion in the winter. The ability to survive repeated freezing is an important adaptation, and may greatly influence vertical zonation. In contrast to higher plants, relatively little is known about the ecological or physiological effects of freezing on marine macroalgae. This research will focus on the role of freezing as a sub-lethal stress, which reduces growth and perhaps competitive ability, by examining the effect of freezing on photosynthesis. The research will address the following questions: (1) what mechanisms are responsible for freezing resistance, (2) does the same mechanism confer resistance to both freezing and desiccation, (3) are interspecific differences in freezing resistance correlated with tidal height due to genetic adaptation or phenotypic acclimation, and (4) does the relative importance of freezing acclimation vary between upper-shore, stress tolerant, and lower-shore, competitive algae? This investigation will contribute to our knowledge of freezing as an ecological factor, and also address questions of general importance to all scientists studying the intertidal zone.

在亚极地和温带地区的潮间带藻类的经验 在冬季潮汐重现时频繁和严重的冻结。 在反复冰冻中生存的能力是一个重要的 适应，并可能极大地影响垂直地带性。 在 与高等植物相比， 冻结对海洋生物的生态或生理影响 大型藻类 这项研究将集中在冻结的作用， 一种亚致死压力，它会降低生长， 能力，通过检查冻结对光合作用的影响。 本研究将探讨以下问题：（1） 机制负责抗冻性，（2）是否 相同的机制赋予对冷冻和 干燥，（3）是种间差异冻结 由于遗传适应，阻力与潮高相关 或表型驯化，以及（4）相对重要性 在上滨、胁迫和非胁迫条件下， 耐盐的，低海岸的，有竞争力的藻类？ 这次调查 将有助于我们了解冷冻作为一种生态学 同时也处理对所有人都具有普遍重要性的问题 科学家们正在研究潮汐带。