U.S.-Germany Cooperative Research on the Homogeneous Nucleation of Metal Vapors

该奖项支持约瑟夫L。约翰霍普金斯大学的卡茨 在化学工程方面的合作研究， 马尔堡的菲利普斯大学的弗里德里希·亨泽尔教授， 德国。 他们正在合作进行一项研究， 使用向上的热扩散室来测量 铯和其他金属蒸气的均匀成核。 他们的研究计划利用了 两个研究小组。 由亨泽尔博士领导的德国小组 以研究金属绝缘体而闻名 金属蒸气的过渡和其他性质。 他们有 先进的设施，他们正在积极研究 过饱和汞蒸气 Katz博士和他的团队 专家在使用扩散云室和 成核理论 他们有一个非常活跃的项目， 向上热扩散云室，用于研究 同质和其他成核。 大多数实验 工作将在马尔堡进行，进行一些数据分析， 马里兰州也有其他的支持活动。 互访 两个研究小组的成员将促进这一联合 工作 成核过程在自然界中极为普遍， 在实验室里，也是如此。 然而，我们的能力， 预测导致成核的条件和 在典型的过程中，它几乎不存在。 过饱和液体的均匀成核 蒸汽特别适合于理论和实验 study. 金属的成核性质相当 与非金属不同， 随着技术发展， 合金或以新颖的方式使用已知的金属。

This award supports Joseph L. Katz of Johns Hopkins University for collaborative research in chemical engineering with Professor Friedrich Hensel of Phillips University in Marburg, Germany. They are cooperating in a study that involves the use of upward thermal diffusion chambers to measure the homogeneous nucleation of cesium and other metal vapors. Their research plan exploits the complementary strengths of the two research groups. The German group led by Dr. Hensel is well known for their research on the metal-insulator transition and other properties of metal vapors. They have state-of-the-art facilities where they are actively studying supersaturated mercury vapor. Dr. Katz and his group are expert in the use of the diffusion cloud chamber and in nucleation theory. They have a very active program using upward thermal diffusion cloud chambers for the study of homogeneous and other nucleations. Most of the experimental work will be done in Marburg, with some data analysis and other support going on in Maryland. Reciprocal visits of members of the two research groups will facilitate this joint work. Nucleation processes are extremely widespread in the natural world as well as in the laboratory. However, our ability to predict the conditions that cause nucleation and the rate at which it occurs in typical processes is almost non-existent. Homogeneous nucleation of a liquid from its supersaturated vapor is particularly amenable to theoretical and experimental study. The nucleation properties of metals are quite different from those of non-metals, and they are of growing importance as technologies develop to produce and use novel alloys or to use known metals in novel ways.