Novel Polymer Architectures

聚轮烷，由大环组成， 大分子是一种新的尚未开发的聚合物家族。 由于大环成分移动的可能性 横向地沿着线性骨架以及周向地， 预期这些系统具有不同于 传统的共价键合的聚合物材料的那些， 它们的混合物。 合成和表征的各种结构的 类型的聚轮烷将进行。 Synthesis by 大环化合物通过线性单体的统计穿线将依赖于 使用环状物作为聚合反应的溶剂。 一 直接方法是基于之间的吸引力 大环和线性单体，形成稳定的螺纹实体 （轮烷）。 抗损失稳定性 通过扩散的大环通过掺入大环来确保， 端帽或沿主链沿着的大的间隔物。 各种组合 在一定极性范围内， 考虑了 在大循环中既有刚性又有柔性 冠醚、烃和季铵体系。 线性聚合物组分，同样地，将广泛地变化， 柔性到刚性杆结构，由阶梯和链条组成， 增长方式。 总的目标是探索和利用小说 这种新型聚合物的形貌和拓扑特征 架构 潜在的应用领域包括界面 粘合（粘合，共混物相容性），改善 可加工性（增强的溶解性，较低的熔点）， 稳定性（不稳定官能度的包封），改进的 分子有序化的控制（电子和能量传输， 分子水平的互穿网络， 性能），并了解线性扩散 大分子物质。

Polyrotaxanes, comprised of macrocyclic rings threaded by linear macromolecules, are a new and still unexploited family of polymers. Due to the potential for the macrocyclic components to move lateraly along the linear backbone as well as circumferentially, these systems are expected to possess properties distinct from those of traditional covalently bonded polymeric materials or blends thereof. The synthesis and characterization of a wide variety of structural types of polyrotaxanes will be carried out. Synthesis by statistical threading of macrocycles by linear monomers will rely on use of the cyclic as the solvent for the polymerization. A directed method is based on an attractive force between the macrocycle and the linear monomer, forming a stable threaded entity (a rotaxane) prior to polymerization. Stability against loss of the macrocycles by diffusion is ensured by incorporation of large end caps or bulky spacers along the backbone. Various combinations of the two components, over a range of polarity, will be considered. Among the macrocycles are both rigid and flexible crown ethers, hydrocarbons, and quaternary ammonium systems. Linear polymeric components, likewise, will vary widely from flexible to rigid-rod structures, formed by both step and chain- growth methods. The overall objective is to explore and exploit the novel topographic and topological features of this novel polymer architecture. Potential areas of utilization include interfacial bonding (adhesion, blend compatibilization), improved processability (enhanced solubility, lower melting points), stabilization (encasement of labile functionality), improved control of molecular ordering (electron and energy transport, molecular level interpenetrating networks for better mechanical performance), and understanding the diffusion of linear macromolecules in the bulk.