Mechanics of Fish Interactions with Habitat Protuberances

鱼类与栖息地突起相互作用的机制

• 批准号: 9017817
• 负责人: Paul Webb
• 金额: $ 19.45万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-02-15 至 1995-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9017817&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanics; Fish; Interactions; Habitat; Protuberances

Swimming is a key factor in energy acquisition, energy expenditure, and survival of fishes. The ability to efficiently obtain food while avoiding becoming food for predators is strongly affected by the presence of structures such as rocks, weeds, windfall trees, corals, artifical reefs etc. These structures are especially important in streams, oceanic currents, and tidal flows. The ability of fish to use structures depends on morphology and behavior which vary among species. Consequently interactions with habitat structure affect population dynamics, community compostition and the evolutionary biology. In spite of the importance of structure to so many apsects of the lives of fishes, there has been little research on mechanisms employed. Our research will be the first attempt to provide a common mechanistic understanding and predictive model for fish interactions with the complex structures they prefer. We examine behavior and swimming performance as fish use complex structure, determining imposed current velocity and fish morphology. We expect our results will help explain habitat preferences in relatively stable or predictable situations such as lower river reaches, many inland lakes, and offshore marine habitats. We also believe our results will help explain how fish survive in or are excluded from more naturally stressful habitats, such a temperate streams and intertidal zones. We believe our research will have impact on fisheries management. Addition of structure is a common habitat improvement practice and field experience show that various stuctures can be used to attract different fish species. Our results should provide a predictive basis for such habitat improvement practices.

游泳是获取能量的关键因素， 鱼的生存和生存。 能够有效地 同时避免成为掠食者的食物， 受到岩石等结构存在的强烈影响， 杂草，树木，珊瑚，人工礁等。这些 结构在溪流，洋流， 和潮汐流。 鱼类利用结构的能力取决于 不同物种的形态和行为上的差异。 因此，与生境结构的相互作用影响 种群动态、群落组成和进化 生物学 尽管结构对许多方面都很重要， 鱼类的生活，很少有研究机制 就业。 我们的研究将首次尝试提供一个 鱼类共同机理理解和预测模型 与它们喜欢的复杂结构的相互作用。 我们 研究行为和游泳性能，因为鱼使用复杂的 结构，确定外加流速和鱼类 形态学 我们希望我们的结果能帮助解释栖息地 在相对稳定或可预测的情况下， 由于下游河段，许多内陆湖泊和近海海洋 栖息地 我们也相信我们的研究结果将有助于解释 鱼类生存或排除在更自然的压力， 栖息地，如温带溪流和潮间带。 我们相信我们的研究将对渔业管理产生影响。 增加结构是一种常见的生境改善做法 和现场经验表明，各种结构可以用来 吸引不同的鱼类。 我们的结果应该提供一个 这类生境改善措施的预测基础。