Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Cerebral Blood Flow

大脑皮层的结构显示了神经细胞层之间和层之间的复杂连接，以及称为“柱”的功能单元内部和层之间的复杂连接。神经细胞的代谢率非常高，血液流向大脑的不同区域取决于在特定时间哪个部位最活跃。血液流动受到氧气和二氧化碳含量的局部变化以及血压的影响。已知血管毛细血管网络具有区域性的、周期性的开闭活动。毛细血管网络向局部区域的开放被称为招募，并为活性生物组织提供营养物质（如氧气）和废物代谢物的局部循环。这项工作使用了一种独特的方法来结合时间循环、毛细血管募集、皮层柱状组织和皮层血管结构的概念。有人认为，这里的招聘周期相对较快。采用新技术的测量将在时间和空间的非常精细的水平上获得新的结果，以确定由毛细血管群组成的血管单位如何根据需求调节流量。这项新工作的影响不仅在明显的临床问题上，而且在处理大脑功能结构和活动模式的神经科学的许多领域都将是很高的。

The architecture of the cerebral cortex of the brain shows sophisticated connections among and between the layers of nerve cells, and within and between functional units called columns. Nerve cells have very high metabolic rates, and blood flow to different areas of the brain depends on which parts are most active at particular times. Blood flow is altered by regional changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide content, as well as by blood pressure. It is known that vascular capillary networks show flow changes with regional, cyclic activity of opening and closing. The opening of a capillary network to a local region is called recruitment, and provides local cycling of nutrients (such as oxygen) and waste metabolites to active biological tissues. This work uses a unique approach to combine the concepts of temporal cycling, capillary recruitment, columnar organization of the cortex, and vascular architecture of the cortex. There are suggestions that the recruitment cycles here are relatively quite rapid. Measurements with novel technology will allow new results at a very fine level in time and space, to determine how vascular units composed of groups of capillaries regulate flow in response to demand. The impact of this novel work will be high not only on the obvious clinical issues, but on the many areas of neuroscience that deal with functional architecture and activity patterns in the brain.