JGOFS - Seasonal Study of Carbon Chemistry in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific

赤道太平洋是海洋/大气二氧化碳系统的重要组成部分，是向大气排放二氧化碳的最大区域来源。ENSO循环对海面二氧化碳的影响，以及末次冰期赤道生产量的明显变化，证明了控制二氧化碳的过程对气候强迫的敏感性。JGOFS赤道太平洋过程研究的一个中心目标是阐明物理环流与控制表层海洋二氧化碳的生物和化学过程之间的联系。该计划的一个关键部分必须是结合其他化学和生物测量来测量二氧化碳。上层海洋的二氧化碳、总二氧化碳和碱度将在两次“调查”上层海洋JGOFS邮轮上使用经过验证和标准的方法进行测量。直接测量二氧化碳，而不是从其他测量中计算二氧化碳，对于准确计算海-气通量是必要的。总CO2和碱度的变化将分别制约有机碳和方解石的动态变化。碳酸盐化学数据将被纳入一个详细的赤道太平洋物理环流模式，以解决温跃层通风问题和养分利用效率对大气二氧化碳的影响。

The equatorial Pacific represents a significant portion of the ocean/atmosphere CO2 system and is the largest regional source for CO2 to the atmosphere. The sensitivity of the processes controlling pCO2 to climatic forcing is attested to by the impact of the ENSO cycles on the sea surface pCO2, and by the apparent change in equatorial production during the last glacial period. A central goal of JGOFS Equatorial Pacific Process Study is to elucidate the links between the physical circulation and the biological and chemical processes that control the surface ocean pCO2. A crucial part of this program must be to measure the pCO2 in conjunction with the other chemical and biological measurements. pCO2, total CO2, and alkalinity of the upper ocean will be measured using proven and standard methods, on the two "survey" upper ocean JGOFS cruises. Measurement of pCO2 directly, as opposed to calculating pCO2 from other measurements, is necessary to accurately calculate air-sea fluxes. The variation of total CO2 and alkalinity will constrain the dynamics of organic carbon and calcite, respectively. The carbonate chemistry data will be incorporated into a detailed physical circulation model of the equatorial Pacific, to address questions of thermocline ventilation and the effect of nutrient utilization efficiency on atmospheric pCO2.