JGOFS - Seasonal Study of Carbon Chemistry in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific

赤道太平洋是海洋/大气二氧化碳系统的重要组成部分，是大气中二氧化碳的最大区域来源。ENSO循环对海面二氧化碳分压的影响，以及末次冰期赤道二氧化碳产量的明显变化，证明了控制二氧化碳分压过程对气候强迫的敏感性。JGOFS赤道太平洋过程研究的一个中心目标是阐明物理循环与控制海洋表层二氧化碳分压的生物和化学过程之间的联系。该计划的一个关键部分必须是结合其他化学和生物测量来测量二氧化碳分压。二氧化碳分压、总二氧化碳和上层海洋的碱度将在两次“调查”上层海洋的JGOFS巡航中使用经过验证的标准方法进行测量。直接测量二氧化碳分压，而不是通过其他测量方法计算二氧化碳分压，是精确计算海气通量的必要条件。总CO2和碱度的变化将分别制约有机碳和方解石的动态。碳酸盐化学数据将被纳入赤道太平洋的详细物理环流模型，以解决温跃层通风和养分利用效率对大气二氧化碳分压的影响问题。

The equatorial Pacific represents a significant portion of the ocean/atmosphere CO2 system and is the largest regional source for CO2 to the atmosphere. The sensitivity of the processes controlling pCO2 to climatic forcing is attested to by the impact of the ENSO cycles on the sea surface pCO2, and by the apparent change in equatorial production during the last glacial period. A central goal of JGOFS Equatorial Pacific Process Study is to elucidate the links between the physical circulation and the biological and chemical processes that control the surface ocean pCO2. A crucial part of this program must be to measure the pCO2 in conjunction with the other chemical and biological measurements. pCO2, total CO2, and alkalinity of the upper ocean will be measured using proven and standard methods, on the two "survey" upper ocean JGOFS cruises. Measurement of pCO2 directly, as opposed to calculating pCO2 from other measurements, is necessary to accurately calculate air-sea fluxes. The variation of total CO2 and alkalinity will constrain the dynamics of organic carbon and calcite, respectively. The carbonate chemistry data will be incorporated into a detailed physical circulation model of the equatorial Pacific, to address questions of thermocline ventilation and the effect of nutrient utilization efficiency on atmospheric pCO2.