U.S.-Germany Cooperative Research on Optimal Control MethodsApplied to the Study of Mesoscale Meteorological Model Sensitivity and Data Assimilation

该奖项支持俄克拉荷马大学中尺度气象合作研究所（CIMMS）的Douglas K. Lilly教授和John M. Lewis教授与德国Geesthacht的GKSS国家研究中心的Hartmut Kapitza博士和其他人合作。他们合作的目标是应用最优控制原理来改进中尺度现象的建模，并改进模型和数据匹配的方式。特别是，他们将致力于推广一种名为“伴随”法的新技术，这种技术最初是由卡尔皮塔博士开发的。他和他在GKSS的同事在建模方面具有特殊的专业知识，这与美国小组在使用美国引进的新观测系统（包括复杂的地面遥感技术）的数据方面的专业知识相匹配。美国小组将能够帮助GKSS的科学家将真实的中尺度数据引入模式，而CIMMS的数据同化研究将从使用该模式及其伴随的各种中尺度气象问题的机会中受益匪浅。中尺度气象学中使用的确定性模式是当今科学中使用的最复杂的模式之一。模式中必须包括的物理尺度从锋面周围的大尺度地转环流到降水过程的微物理。由于需要与大尺度模型接口并获得边界条件，这进一步复杂化了。这类系统的观测需求很大，汇编和分析方面的挑战也非常大。俄克拉荷马大学现在有一个由美国国家科学基金会资助的科学技术中心，名为“风暴分析和预测中心”（CAPS）。Kapitza博士和德国中心正在推进的数据同化工作现在是CAPS项目计划的主要焦点之一。

This award supports Professors Douglas K. Lilly and John M. Lewis of the Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies (CIMMS), University of Oklahoma, to collaborate with Dr. Hartmut Kapitza and others of the GKSS National Research Center, in Geesthacht, Germany. The objective of their collaboration is to apply the principles of optimal control to improve the modelling of mesoscale phenomena and to improve the manner in which models and data are matched. In particular, they will work on extending a promising new technique called the "adjoint" method, that was originally developed by Dr. Karpita. He and his colleagues at GKSS have special expertise in modeling that is well matched by the U.S. group's expertise in the use of data from new observational systems being introduced in the U.S. that include sophisticated ground-based remote sensing techniques. The U.S. group will be able to help scientists at the GKSS to introduce realistic mesoscale data into the model, while research in data assimilation at CIMMS will benefit greatly from the opportunity to use the model and its adjoint on a variety of mesoscale meteorological problems. Deterministic models used in mesoscale meteorology are among the most complicated used in science today. The physical scales that must be included in the models range from the larger scale ageostrophic circulation around fronts to the microphysics of precipitation processes. This is further complicated by the need to interface with large scale models and to obtain boundary conditions. The observational demands of such systems are substantial, and the compilation and analysis challenge is extraordinary. The University of Oklahoma now has an NSF-funded Science and Technology Center, called "Center for the Analysis and Prediction of Storms" (CAPS.) The kind of data assimilation work being advanced by Dr. Kapitza and the German center is now one of the principal foci of the CAPS program plan.