RUI: Race, Gender, and the Correlation Between Schooling and Health

RUI：种族、性别以及学校教育与健康之间的相关性

• 批准号: 9023085
• 负责人: J. Paul Leigh
• 金额: $ 7.1万
• 依托单位: San Jose State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9023085&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Race; Gender; Correlation; Between

There is widespread agreement among health economists that there is a persistent empirical association across samples and over time between years of schooling and health. However, there are several explanations about why this association occurs. One explanation is that there is a direct effect with schooling endowing people with greater knowledge and skills to practice preventive medicine or use medical care more widely. Another is that schooling enhances health through allowing access to safe jobs, discouraging smoking and encouraging seat belt use and exercise. Others point to the possibility that poor health in childhood or adolescence results in less investment in schooling. Finally, it is suggested that unobserved variables such as the rate of time discount is the "true" cause of both high levels of schooling and good health and that increased schooling does not lead to better health or slower deterioration of existing health. This project will develop models which will allow for testing of many of these hypotheses in addition to comparing rates of health returns to schooling across gender and race. Four large national data sets are used in the project: National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANESI) I and II, Epidemiological Followup Survey to NHANESI, and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Several dependent variables relating to health will be used: blood pressures, smoking, body mass and early death. The estimation techniques will take into account self selection models, where appropriate. This study will be the first to focus on the race and gender differences in the correlations between schooling and health in the same way that the classic studies focused on the gender and race differences in the financial returns to schooling.

卫生经济学家普遍认为， 是一个持续的经验关联，随着时间的推移， 教育年限和健康之间的关系。但有几 解释为什么会出现这种关联。一种解释是 学校教育的直接影响是 更多的知识和技能，以实践预防医学或使用 医疗服务更广泛。另一个是学校教育能增进健康 通过允许获得安全的工作，劝阻吸烟， 鼓励使用安全带和锻炼。其他人则指出， 儿童或青少年健康状况不佳的可能性 在教育上的投资减少。最后，建议， 未观察到的变量，如时间折扣率是 “真正”的原因，既高水平的教育和良好的健康， 增加学校教育并不会带来更好的健康或更慢的增长。 现有健康状况恶化。该项目将开发模型 这将允许测试许多这些假设， 除了比较健康回报率的学校教育， 性别和种族。 该项目使用了四个大型国家数据集： 健康和营养检查调查（NHANESI）I和II， NHANESI的流行病学随访调查和 收入动态。与健康有关的几个因变量 将使用：血压，吸烟，体重和过早死亡。 估计技术将考虑自我选择 模型，在适当的情况下。这项研究将首先关注 种族和性别差异的相关性 教育和健康的关系， 重点关注财务回报的性别和种族差异， 到学校。