Non-Intrusive Diagnostics to Study Soot Formation

燃烧中最重要的过程之一是 烟灰的形成和破坏。 烟尘的浓度 控制着火焰辐射出的能量 温度 烟尘破坏的有效性 燃烧效率和环境可接受性 的燃烧装置。 为煤烟提供一种仪器 研究、开发，并最终用于过程监控， 该项目将开发一个低成本（根据 50，000美元）、便携式、多功能、非侵入式火焰诊断 具有以下功能的仪器：1）测量 浓度的空间分辨平均值， 通过层析成像的气体种类和烟灰的温度 视线傅里叶变换红外重建 （FT-IR）发射和透射（E/T）光谱数据。 2)时间上的空间分辨数据的测量 物种浓度和温度的变化。 的 第一阶段的目标是开发和验证 FT-IR E/T断层扫描法用于火焰的研究 美国国家科学技术研究院（NIST）和通用汽车公司 对于这些数据，可以从其他技术获得。 这些 数据将用于帮助确定 烟灰的形成和破坏。 在第二阶段，光纤 和多路复用将被开发用于获得多个 视线同时和FT-IR湍流 测量将被开发，以允许空间分辨 要获得的数据。 将开发软件和硬件 用于在线原位诊断仪器。 该计划的成功完成将导致 功能强大、坚固耐用的现场诊断仪器， 测量多相反应介质的重要性能 无论是在研究和开发，在制造业或作为一个 过程监控器 应用包括测量 工业燃气轮机，工业和民用炉， 电站锅炉、工艺加热器、喷气发动机和柴油机 机.

One of the most important processes in combustion is the formation and destruction of soot. The concentration of soot controls the energy radiated by the flame and hence the flame temperature. The effectiveness of soot destruction convrols the combustion efficiency and the environmental acceptability of the combustion device. To provide an instrument for soot research, development, and eventually for process monitoring, this proposed project would develop a low cost (under $50,000), portable, versatile, non-intrusive flame diagnostic instrument having the following capabilities: 1) Measurement of spatially resolved mean value of both concentration and temperature of gas species and soot by tomographic reconstruction of line-of-sight Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) emission and transmission (E/T) spectrographic data. 2) Measurements of spatially resolved data on the time variations of species concentration and temperature. The objective of Phase I is to develop and validate the method of FT-IR E/T tomography for flames being studied at the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) and General Motors for which data from other techniques are available. These data would be used to help determine the mechanism for the formation and destruction of soot. In Phase II, fiber optics and multi-plexing would be developed for obtaining multiple lines-of-sight simultaneously and the FT-IR turbulence measurements would be developed to allow spatially resolved data to be obtained. Software and hardware would be developed for on-line, in-situ diagnostic instrumentation. The successful completion of this program will result in a powerful, rugged instrument for in-situ diagnostics capable of measuring important properties of multi-phase reacting mefia either in research and development, in manufacturing or as a process monitor. Applications include measurements in industrial gas turbines, industrial and residential furnaces, utility boilers, process heaters, jet engines and diesel engines.