Measurements and Modeling of the Behavior of Charring Polymers in Fires

火灾中炭化聚合物行为的测量和建模

• 批准号: 9101585
• 负责人: Michael Serio
• 金额: $ 24.89万
• 依托单位: Advanced Fuel Research, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9101585&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measurements; Modeling; Behavior; Charring; Polymers

The high loss of life and property in fires each year in the U.S. underscores the need for additional research on fires and fire safety. Natural and synthetic organic polymers are most frequently the materials which are primarily responsible for the propagation of fires. The Phase I objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the FG-DVC computer model, which includes the processes of depolymerization, crosslinking, and the formation of char, tar, and gases, and the TG-FTIR technique, which integrates a thermogravimetic analyzer (TGA) with an FT-IR for evolved gas analysis, to the measurement and modeling of the degradation of polymers under conditions of interest in fires. Because of the importance of charring polymers as flame resistant materials, the primary emphasis in Phase I was on phenol formaldehyde resin, which is a commercially important example of a charring polymer. The main conclusions from this effort can be summarized as follows: 1) The FG-DVC model can be generalized to predict kinetics, product evolution, tar yields, and tar molecular weight distributions for phenol formaldehyde and other charring polymers over a wide range of conditions; 2) the TG- FTIR method can provide information on several aspects of polymer combustion behavior: kinetics, degration mechanisms, char formation, gas toxicity, gas and char heating value, tar formation, and flame retardance. 3) In order to further develop the FG-DVC model as a submodel for a charring polymers in a fire model, a need was identified for a new experiment to provide information on the thermal and radiative properties of a charring surface. This need can be met by a new version of the TG-FTIR experiment, to be developed in Phase II, which includes both FT- IR emission and transmission spectroscopy. The ultimate goal of the combined Phase I and Phase II programs is the development of a laboratory scale methodology for assessing the relative flammability as a function of polymer structure and fire conditions. The product would consist of an integrated software and hardware package which utilized the TG-FTIR analysis method and modifications of this method and the FG-DVC model as key components.

美国每年在火灾中的生命和财产损失都很高。 强调了对火灾和火灾的进一步研究的必要性 安全为代价的 天然和合成有机聚合物是最 通常，主要负责的材料 火的传播。 第一阶段的目标是证明 应用FG-DVC计算机模型的可行性， 包括解聚、交联的过程， 炭、焦油和气体的形成，以及TG-FTIR技术， 它集成了热重分析仪（TGA）和FT-IR， 对于逸出气体分析，对于气体的测量和建模， 聚合物在火灾条件下的降解。 由于炭化聚合物作为阻燃剂的重要性， 第一阶段的主要重点是苯酚 甲醛树脂，这是商业上重要的例子， 一种炭化聚合物 这项工作的主要结论可以是 概括如下：1）FG-DVC模型可以推广到 预测动力学、产物演变、焦油产率和焦油 苯酚甲醛和其他的分子量分布 炭化聚合物在广泛的条件; 2）TG- FTIR方法可以提供聚合物的几个方面的信息， 燃烧行为：动力学，降解机理，焦炭 形成，气体毒性，气体和焦炭热值，焦油 形成和阻燃性。 3)为了进一步发展 火灾中聚合物炭化子模型FG-DVC 模型，需要确定一个新的实验，以提供 炭化物的热和辐射特性的信息 面 新版本的TG-FTIR可以满足这一需求 实验，将在第二阶段开发，其中包括FT- 红外发射和透射光谱。 的最终目标 第一阶段和第二阶段计划的结合是发展 用于评估相对的实验室规模方法 作为聚合物结构和火的函数的可燃性 条件 该产品将包括一个集成的软件 以及利用TG-FTIR分析方法的硬件软件包 并对该方法和FG-DVC模型进行了改进 件.