The Genetic Basis of Male Alternative Reproductive Strategies in a Marine Isopod: Organization, Expression andFrequency-Dependent Selection.

每一个物种的几乎每一个性状都有一定的变异。 物种的存在，这种变化的部分原因是 遗传的 众所周知的定向选择力和 遗传漂变的作用都是减少变异，所以它的维持是 很难解释，这是一个长期存在的问题。 的 一种小型海洋甲壳类动物，雕刻拟鲈有三种不同的 基于遗传的男性身体形式，这会影响他们的能力， 吸引并与雌性交配。 拟议的研究将 利用这个系统，首先确定精确的模式， 继承，然后描述环境如何影响 负责不同形式的基因型的表达， 最后，我们试图解释 让这三种变体共存 该系统是独一无二的 这些问题的解决，因为 基因型和环境很容易操纵， 有机体的世代时间很短，因此实验可以 快点。 此外，答案应广泛 解释自然界普遍存在的变异的一般性。

There is some amount of variation in almost every trait in every species that exists, and part of the cause of this variation is genetic. The well known forces of directional selection and genetic drift both act to reduce variation, so its maintenance is difficult to explain, and has been a long standing problem. The small marine crustacean, Paracercus sculpta has three different genetically based male body forms, which affect their ability to attract and mate with females. The proposed research will capitalize on this system to first identify the precise mode of inheritance, then describe how the environment influences the expression of the genotypes responsible for the different forms, and lastly attempt to account for the evolutionary forces that allow the three morphs to coexist. This system is uniquely suited to address these important questions, because the genotypes and the environments are easily manipulated, and the organism has a short generation time so that experiments can be done quickly. Furthermore, the answers should have broad generality for explaining the ubiquitous variation in nature.//