TOGA: Triple Doppler Radar Measurements from Aircraft

这一建议是为了发展一种技术，以获得三多普勒雷达测量对流风暴单独使用飞机雷达。可以进行前后锥形扫描的机载多普勒雷达，如最近改进的NOAA P-3雷达和NCAR正在开发的ELDORA雷达，可以与这种技术一起使用。三重多普勒比双重多普勒分析的优点是可以得到沉淀粒子速度的所有三个分量。利用质量连续性获得垂直空气运动，可以推导出粒子的终端速度，从而可以对降水生长进行推断。这一技术也使得对云顶垂直空气运动的精确估计成为可能，这是获得准确垂直空气速度所必需的。该技术将用于测量TOGA COARE强场阶段海洋对流云的垂直质量通量和降水演变。这两条信息对于描述COARE域的对流是很重要的。将在1991年7月的热带气旋启动试验期间使用P-3雷达对该技术进行初步试验。这些测量的结果将用于测试模型的发展，以预测积云中质量、热量和水分的垂直通量。该研究是TOGA/COARE的重要研究内容，它既描述和理解组织对流的主要大气过程，又将这些对流尺度物理过程与影响气候变率的更大尺度的过程联系起来，这些过程是TOGA/COARE的实地站点，是TOGA/COARE的重要研究内容。

This proposal is for the development of a technique to obtain triple Doppler Radar measurement of convective storms using aircraft radar alone. Airborne Doppler radars that make fore and aft conical scans, such as the recently modified NOAA P-3 radars and the NCAR ELDORA radar now under development, could be used with this technique. The advantage of triple over dual Dopper analysis is that all three components of precipitation particle velocity can be obtained. Using mass continuity to obtain vertical air motion, particle terminal velocity can be derived, which allows inferences to be made about precipitation growth. This technique also makes possible a superior estimate of vertical air motion at cloud top, which is needed to derive accurate vertical air velocities. This technique will be used to measure vertical mass fluxes and precipitation evolution in oceanic convective clouds during the intensive field phase of TOGA COARE. Both pieces of information are important in characterizing the convection in the COARE domain. A preliminary test of the technique will be made during the Tropical Cyclone Initiation experiment in July 1991 using a P-3 radar. Results of these measurements will be used to test a model development to predict the vertical fluxes of mass, heat, and moisture in cumulus clouds. This research is important because it is a key study in TOGA/COARE both to describe and understand the principal atmospheric processes that organize convection and to link those convective scale physical processes to the larger scales that affect climate variability in an especially climate sensitive region of the world, the western Pacific Ocean, the field site of TOGA/COARE.