Synthesis and Characterization of Microcellular Plastics

微孔热塑性塑料是一种新型材料， 10级的闭孔数，通常为106/cm 3或更多 微米直径。 这种微结构允许显著的 在不影响基本机械性能的情况下降低密度 特性.最近已经制造出了引人注目的新材料 由聚碳酸酯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）制成， 二氧化碳作为成核气体。 在PET中， 已发现二氧化碳使PET结晶， 创造一个完整的，水晶皮肤的细胞复合材料。 在聚碳酸酯中，50亿/cm 3或更大的气泡密度具有 实现，允许创建微孔泡沫， 广泛的属性。 在这项研究中，详细表征的CO-2 聚碳酸酯和CO2-PET材料系统将进行。 PET中CO2诱导的结晶， 细胞壁和细胞形态进行研究。 泡沫 PET和聚碳酸酯中的成核现象将是 实验表征。 同时， 微孔复合材料将被测量和相关的 微观结构通过理论模型。

Microcellular thermoplastics are novel materials containing a large number of closed cells, typically 106/cm3 or more, of order 10 microns in diameter. Such a microstructure allows a significant reduction in density without compromising the essential mechanical properties. Recently remarkable new materials have been produced from polycarbonate and from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), using carbon dioxide as the nucleating gas. In PET, high concentrations of carbon dioxide have been found to crystallize PET, enabling creation of cellular composites with an integral, crystalline skin. In polycarbonate, bubble densities of 5 billion/cm3 or more have been achieved, allowing for creation of microcellular foams with a wide range of properties. In this research a detailed characterization of the CO-2 polycarbonate and CO2-PET material systems will be carried out. The CO2-induced crystallization in PET, molecular orientation in cell walls, and the cell morphology will be studies. Bubble nucleation phenomena in both PET and polycarbonate will be experimentally characterized. Also the mechanical behavior of microcellular composites will be measured and related to the microstructure via a theoretical model.