Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory: A Pilot Study for Seismic, Gas and Robotics Surveillance

埃里伯斯火山是南极洲最活跃的火山， 在整个世纪处于持续爆发状态。 的 这座火山的独特之处在于它有一个持续对流的熔岩湖 由高碱性的斜长响岩岩浆组成。 熔岩湖和邻近喷口的喷发活动 由小规模的斯特龙博利式喷发组成， 500米以上的火山弹 最近的工作已经 还表明埃里伯斯山是气溶胶的重要来源， 原始的南极大气 很有可能埃里伯斯 产生大量的氯、氟和 南极东部降雪的其他微量成分 冰盖 这对化学家有重要的影响， 试图从雪和冰芯中解读古环境 分析。 该奖项支持建立山 麦默多站的埃里伯斯火山观测站允许继续 监视埃里伯斯山。 这将大大有助于 理解“开放式排气口”的脱气行为 火山 在芒特进行的二氧化硫排放测量 1983年至1991年之间的埃里伯斯是最广泛的， 详细的任何火山在很长一段时间内，如果一个完整的 了解这种气体的脱气和喷发行为， 独特的火山和它的磁性系统。

Mount Erebus is the most active volcano in Antarctica having been in a continuous eruptive state throughout this century. The volcano is unique in containing a persistent convecting lava lake composed of highly alkalic anorthoclase phonolite magma. Eruptive activity from the lava lake and adjacent vents has consisted of minor strombolian eruptions which occasionally eject volcanic bombs to heights of over 500 meters. Recent work has also shown Mount Erebus to be an important source of aerosols to the pristine Antarctic atmosphere. It is likely that Erebus contributes significant quantities of Chlorine, Fluorine and other trace components to the snow falling on the East Antarctic ice sheet. This has important consequences to chemists who are trying to decipher paleoenvironments from snow and ice core analyses. This award supports the establishment of the Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory at McMurdo Station to allow continued surveillance of Mount Erebus. This will contribute greatly of an understanding of the degassing behavior of an "open vent" volcano. Measurements of Sulfur Dioxide emissions made at Mount Erebus between 1983 and 1991 are amongst the most extensive and detailed made at any volcano in long periods if a complete understanding of the degassing and eruptive behavior of this unique volcano and its magnetic system is going to be obtained.