Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory and Laboratory (MEVOL)

该奖项由极地方案办公室南极地质和地球物理方案提供，支持继续和扩大南极洲埃里伯斯山火山监测方案。埃里伯斯火山是南极洲最活跃的火山，是一个罕见的持续活跃的岩浆系统的例子。这座火山有着低水平喷发活动的历史，与一个高度可及的山顶喷口复合体有关，并拥有地球上为数不多的长寿熔岩湖之一。该项目将在埃里伯斯山建立一个跨学科的地球物理学/地球化学实验室，目的是对活火山的喷发物理学和相关的岩浆补给进行基础研究。Erebus特别适合这一目标，因为它具有持久的开放式岩浆系统，频繁的喷发，后勤方便（按照南极标准），建立了科学和后勤基础设施，包括实时数据链接，以及相对安全。这项工作的关键综合数据收集组成部分包括视频监视、地震、次声、多普勒雷达、红外、火山气体和大地测量研究。该项目是国家科学基金会支持的“埃里伯斯火山观测站”（MEVO）的更新，并从正在进行的仪器开发奖中获益匪浅（重大研究仪器奖MRI-0116577，“火山研究的综合地震、大地测量和火山气体监测仪器的开发“，以开发和部署综合低功耗、低成本、在埃里伯斯和其他活火山建立实时遥测火山监测站。这项活动的智力价值包括开发受跨学科方法约束的活火山岩浆系统的定量模型，包括喷发能量平衡的基本问题（重力、爆炸气体减压、热、地震、声学和动力学成分）和岩浆补给（火山震颤、对流、停留时间、气体排放、变形）。该项目将利用MEVOLab支持的核心人员及其学生的组合，将上述大量数据收集活动纳入这些过程（拥有地震学、气体研究和普通火山学方面的专业知识）和部分独立支持的、国际公认的火山研究人员（具有红外、多普勒雷达、气体研究、（次声）14.这项研究的更广泛的科学影响是大大有助于对全世界各种活火山的基本过程的基本认识。MEVOLab，与上述MRI项目，也将有助于现代化，多样性？该项目的主要目的是在世界各地的火山（许多火山，特别是发展中国家的火山，很少或根本没有现代仪器）上使用现代仪器，以及在较大的地震学、大地测量学和其他地球物理学领域内发展低功率、低成本的跨学科地球物理观测站。进一步的广泛影响包括火山学和地球物理学的研究生和本科生的教育，与教师体验南极洲计划相关的信息传播到高中观众，并提供及时的全年监测信息给NSF和麦克默多业务。最后，这项工作将继续通过讲座、媒体互动和回应公众的询问，向公众宣传火山学和一般地球科学的兴奋、科学和社会意义。

This award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports continuation and expansion of the volcano monitoring program on Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Mount Erebus, Antarctica 's most active volcano, is a rare example of a persistently active magmatic system. The volcano has a history of low-level eruptive activity associated with a highly accessible summit vent complex, and features one of Earth 's few long-lived lava lakes. This project will develop an interdisciplinary geophysics/geochemistry laboratory on Mount Erebus, for the purpose of pursuing basic research on the eruption physics and associated magmatic recharge of active volcanoes. Erebus is especially appropriate for this goal because of its persistent open-conduit magmatic system, frequent eruptions, logistical ease of access (by Antarctic standards), established scientific and logistical infrastructure, including real-time data links, and relative safety. Key integrated data gathering components for this work include video surveillance, seismic, infrasound, Doppler radar, infrared, volcanic gas, and geodetic studies. This project is a renewal of the NSF-supported "Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory" (MEVO) and benefits significantly from an underway instrumentation development award (Major Research Instrumentation award MRI-0116577, "Development of Integrated Seismic, Geodetic, and Volcanic Gas Surveillance Instrumentation for Volcanic Research ", to develop and deploy integrated low-power, low cost, real-time-telemetered volcano monitoring stations at Erebus and on other active volcanoes.The intellectual merit of this activity includes developing quantitative models of the magmatic system of an active volcano constrained by interdisciplinary methods, including the fundamental issues of eruptive energy balance (gravity, explosive gas decompression, thermal, seismic, acoustic, and kinetic components), and magma recharge (volcanic tremor, convection, residence time, gas emissions, deformation). This project will bring the aforementioned host of data collection activities to bear on these processes using a combination of core MEVOLab-supported personnel and their students (with specialties in seismology, gas studies, and general volcanology) and partially independently supported and internationally recognized volcano researchers (with specialties in infrared, Doppler radar, gas studies, and infrasound).The broader scientific impact of this research is to contribute substantially to fundamental knowledge of the basic processes of diverse active volcanoes worldwide. MEVOLab, in association with the aforementioned MRI project, would also contribute to the modernization, diversi?cation, and novel application of modern instrumentation on volcanoes worldwide (many volcanoes, particularly in the developing world, have little or no modern instrumentation), and in the development of low-power, low cost interdisciplinary geophysical observatories within the larger seismology, geodesy and other geophysical communities. Further broad impacts include the education of graduate and undergraduate students in volcanology and geophysics, the dissemination of information to high-school audiences in association with the Teachers Experiencing Antarctica program, and providing timely year-round monitoring information to NSF and to McMurdo operations. Finally, this work would continue public outreach through lectures, media interaction, and in responding to inquiries from the general public to convey the excitement, science, and societal relevance of volcanology and general Earth science.