Ecological Trade-offs of Resistance in Parsnip Webworms and Wild Parsnip

尽管存在选择的可能性， 增加抗性性状在植物和 昆虫种群，大量的遗传变异 存在于这些特质中。 这种变化表明， 是与进化相关的选择性权衡， 阻力 一个这样的权衡是阻力的成本-- 是，在Depressaria中抗性基因型的适合度降低 pastinacella（欧洲防风草网虫）及其宿主野生欧洲防风草 （Pastinaca sativa）. 在这个系统中，植物化学抗性 已知植物中的因子表现出遗传变异， 是解毒的定性数据， 植物-昆虫共同进化的期望以及设计 并实施抗药性管理计划， 农业生态系统

Despite the fact that the potential exists for selection to increase the frequency of resistance traits in both plant and insect populations, a substantial amount of genetic variation exists for such traits. Such variation suggests that there may be selective tradeoffs associated with the evolution of resistance. One such tradeoff is the cost of resistance--that is, the reduced fitness of resistant genotypes in the Depressaria pastinacella (parsnip webworm) and its host wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). In this system, phytochemical resistance factors in the plant are known to exhibit genetic variation, as are detoxicative qualitative data for refining theoretical expectations of plant-insect coevolution as well as for designing and implementing resistance management programs in agroecosystems.