Design as an Introduction to Computer Science in High School

设计作为高中计算机科学的入门

• 批准号: 9154008
• 负责人: Judith Sims-Knight
• 金额: $ 49.48万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-11-15 至 1994-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9154008&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Design; Introduction; Computer; Science

Computer programming has gained great popularity in elementary and secondary education because it has been as a powerful tool by which children can develop general problem solving skills and learn fundamental concepts in mathematics, physics, and logistics, as well acquiring foundational understanding of computer science. Unfortunately, research assessing these claims has found that students fail to attain sufficient programming competence to serve as a basis for the development of general problem solving skills. In addition, both research and the practical experiences of expert software designers have suggested that the analysis of the problem domain and the design of an overall plan of the software are more central to the development of software than is learning to code. Students in programming courses that emphasize design learn more than students in other courses, but they still show little progress toward general problem solving. Recently developed technology has simplified the relation between the analysis and design phase, making it feasible to teach students software design without first teaching them how to code. This project proposes to teach design without coding and to evaluate critically the efficacy of such an approach. If successful, this project will serve as a model that can be developed both for introductory computer science courses and for computer literacy courses.

计算机编程在中小学教育中得到了极大的普及，因为它已经成为一种强有力的工具，通过它可以培养孩子们解决一般问题的技能，学习数学、物理和物流的基本概念，并获得对计算机科学的基础理解。不幸的是，评估这些主张的研究发现，学生们无法获得足够的编程能力来作为发展一般问题解决技能的基础。此外，专家软件设计人员的研究和实践经验都表明，对问题域的分析和软件总体计划的设计对软件开发来说比学习编码更重要。强调设计的编程课程的学生比其他课程的学生学到了更多的东西，但他们在解决一般问题方面仍然进展甚微。最近发展的技术简化了分析和设计阶段之间的关系，使得在不首先教学生如何编程的情况下教他们软件设计是可行的。这个项目建议教授没有编码的设计，并对这种方法的有效性进行批判性的评估。如果成功，该项目将成为计算机科学入门课程和计算机扫盲课程的典范。