Property Rights and Land Use on the Brazilian Frontier: Analysis and Lessons from U.S. Economic History

巴西边境的产权和土地使用：美国经济史的分析和教训

• 批准号: 9213603
• 负责人: Gary Libecap
• 金额: $ 10.82万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-11-01 至 1995-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9213603&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Property; Rights; Land; Use; Brazilian

The purpose of this research is to analyze the property rights system and land use on the Brazilian frontier. The Brazilian frontier, especially the Amazon region, has been the focus of world-wide attention owing to concerns about the rapid destruction of the rainforest and the loss of soil nutrients when these lands are converted to agriculture. The Amazon represents the largest remaining tropical rainforest stand in the world, and its loss or severe depletion could have serious effects on global warming and biodiversity. Further, Brazil is one of the largest and most influential developing countries and it faces many of the problems endemic in development--rapid population growth and corresponding pressures to raise standards of living, for land reform, and at the same time for protection of the environment. This project will entail the assembly and analysis of land tenure policies in Brazil beginning the 1940's. These policies will then be compared to land tenure and the expansion of the U.S. frontier during the 1800's. The project will construct measures of land tenure uncertainty and analyze these tenure conditions in four Brazilian states from 1940-1980, and six Amazon states from 1960-1985 using the Brazilian Agricultural census. Particular attention will be paid to the effects of land tenure uncertainty on agricultural investment, the use of fertilizers, the value of permanent structures, and the extent to which permanent crops were grown.

本研究的目的是分析产权 巴西边境的土地使用制度。 巴西 边境，特别是亚马逊地区，一直是重点， 由于对快速发展的关注， 雨林的破坏和土壤养分的流失， 这些土地被转为农业用地。 亚马逊代表着 世界上现存最大的热带雨林， 其损失或严重枯竭可能对全球 气候变暖和生物多样性。 此外，巴西是世界上最大的 最有影响力的发展中国家，它面临着许多 发展中的地方性问题----人口迅速增长， 提高生活水平的相应压力， 改革，同时保护环境。 该项目将需要收集和分析土地保有权 从1940年代开始的巴西政策。 这些政策将 然后与土地保有权和美国的扩张相比较。 1800年的边境。 该项目将采取措施， 土地保有权的不确定性，并分析这些保有权条件， 1940年至1980年，巴西有四个州， 1960-1985年，巴西农业普查。 特别 将注意土地保有权不确定性的影响 农业投资，化肥的使用， 永久性结构，以及永久性作物 都长大了