LMER: Plum Island Sound Comparative Ecosystems Study (PISCES): Effects of Land Use and Organic Matter - Nutrient Interactions on Estuarine Trophic Dynamics

LMER：普拉姆岛健全比较生态系统研究（PISCES）：土地利用和有机物-养分相互作用对河口营养动态的影响

• 批准号: 9214461
• 负责人: Charles Hopkinson
• 金额: $ 178万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9214461&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LMER; Plum; Island; Sound; Comparative

Nutrient movement into estuaries and the resulting effects on primary productivity, the depletion of oxygen, habitat structure, and trophic changes in coastal waters have dominated estuarine research for decades. Another, and neglected, linkage between land and coastal waters is the input of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and organic nitrogen. Organic nitrogen inputs are frequently greater than inorganic nitrogen inputs and in many cases the input of organic carbon from land is greater than the in situ production of organic carbon. Despite the quantitative importance of organic matter inputs from land, there is little data on its actual use in coastal waters and even less data on effects of organic matter loading on coastal ecosystem structure and function. Recent developments in the chemical analysis of dissolved organic C and N and stable isotope tracer technology now make it possible to refine the input-output budgets and also address the fate and importance of organic matter entering coastal waters from land. Two broad questions addressed in this project are: (1) What is the importance to estuarine ecosystems of organic carbon and organic nitrogen inputs from watersheds with various land covers and uses? and (2) Does the interaction of inorganic nutrients with the quantity and quality of organic carbon and organic nitrogen play an important role in determining the trophic structure, production, and trophic efficiency in estuaries? This project will attempt to answer these questions through measurements of the quantity of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and organic nitrogen entering coastal waters from land, through experiments to determine the effects of various nutrient and organic matter inputs and interactions on the flow and recycling of C and N through pelagic and benthic food webs including higher trophic levels, and through modeling of food chain transformations and the effects of changes in land use and land cover. The proposed research integrates estuarine biogeochemistry with studies of food webs and population biology of higher trophic levels. Site-specific research will be focused in the Plum Island Sound System of the cold-water Acadian Biogeographic Province in northern New England. This projects seeks conclusions and models that are applicable across a wide range of coastal waters; hypothesis testing of specific questions across ecosystems is the most effective way to achieve this goal. This project will combine experimental studies in the Plum Island Sound Ecosystem with comparative studies at different coastal sites (LMER/LTER) chosen to represent end-members in an analysis of interactions between organic matter and inorganic nutrient loading.

营养盐向河口的迁移及其对河口的影响 初级生产力，氧气消耗，栖息地结构， 沿岸沃茨的营养变化主导着河口 几十年的研究。 另一个被忽视的联系， 而沿海沃茨是溶解和颗粒物的输入 有机碳和有机氮。有机氮输入量为 通常大于无机氮输入，在许多情况下 陆地有机碳输入大于原位有机碳输入 生产有机碳。 尽管数量上的重要性 从土地的有机物质输入，有很少的数据， 沿海沃茨的实际使用情况， 有机质负荷对海岸带生态系统结构和功能的影响 溶解有机物化学分析的新进展 碳、氮和稳定同位素示踪技术使其成为可能 为了完善投入产出预算并解决命运和 有机物从陆地进入沿海沃茨的重要性。 在这个项目中解决的两个广泛的问题是：（1）什么是 有机碳和有机质对河口生态系统的重要性 来自不同土地覆盖和用途的流域的氮输入？ （2）无机养分与土壤养分的相互作用 有机碳和有机氮的数量和质量对土壤肥力的影响， 在决定营养结构，生产， 和河口的营养效率 本项目将试图通过以下方式回答这些问题： 溶解和颗粒有机物的量的测量 碳和有机氮从陆地进入沿海沃茨， 通过实验来确定各种营养素 有机物的输入和相互作用， C和N通过浮游和底栖食物网的再循环 包括更高的营养水平，并通过食物链建模 土地利用和土地利用变化的影响 掩护 拟议的研究整合了河口生态地球化学 随着食物网和高等营养动物种群生物学的研究 程度. 具体地点的研究将集中在梅岛 2004年冷水型南极生物地理省的声音系统 北方新英格兰。 本项目寻求结论和模型 适用于广泛的沿海沃茨; 对生态系统中的具体问题进行假设检验是 最有效的方法来实现这一目标。这个项目将联合收割机 梅岛湾生态系统的试验研究 在选定的不同沿海地点进行的比较研究（LMER/LTER） 在分析端元之间的相互作用时 有机质和无机养分负荷。