Atmospheric Water Vapor over the Arctic and its Relationships with Synoptic Variability and Surface Conditions

该奖项是北极系统科学（ARCSS）计划的一部分，是美国全球变化计划的一部分。该研究项目将集中研究北极地区季节性和更长时间尺度上与水汽有关的场的变异性的现有文献，以确定该地区的子部分对这种变异性的贡献，并将这种变异性与天气活动联系起来。需要了解北极陆地和海洋地区的水汽分布情况，以改进对地表能量通量、积雪深度和范围以及海冰状况的卫星估算。在气候变化方面，进入北极的大气水分通量的变化可能通过对大气发射率、云量和降雪的影响来影响北极地表辐射收支。降水的相关变化可能影响地表径流，进而影响海冰的产生和上层海洋的盐度。

This award is part of the Arctic System Science (ARCSS) Program, a U.S. Global Change Program. The research program will focus existing documentation of the variability of water vapor-related fields over the Arctic on seasonal and longer time scales, to identify contributions to this variability form sub-portions of the region, and to relate this variability to synoptic activity. Knowledge of the distribution of water vapor over both Arctic land and ocean areas is needed for improving satellite-derived estimates of surface energy fluxes, snow depth and extent, and sea ice conditions. In terms of climate change, alterations of the flux of atmospheric moisture into the Arctic may influence Arctic surface radiation budgets through effects on atmospheric emissivity, cloud cover and snowfall. Associated changes in precipitation may influence surface runoff, with subsequent impacts on sea ice production and upper ocean salinities.