Assessing the Industrial-Commercial Impacts of Federal R & D Laboratories

这项研究将评估对美国工业的商业影响， 美国联邦实验室的科学和技术产出。 的 将从工业的角度进行评估。 使用数据 根据最近对297个联邦实验室的综合研究， 由美国政府问责局，一个人口联邦实验室， 将被定义。 从这个群体中分层概率 将抽取大约40个联邦实验室的样本。 的 实验室的研究和技术应用办公室<$ORTA！ (or将提供有关技术 实验室的活动和工业界使用的产出。 的 实验室的技术活动和使用的产出 行业 审查的技术活动不仅包括 联邦实验室研究、开发的直接产品， 示范（RD D）活动，但也间接传播 知识和诀窍。 根据ORTA记录， 将发展工业用户。 研究将收集 工业用户关于这些问题的定性和调查数据 用户如何知道联邦实验室的产品， 产品的使用障碍，产品的商业价值， 和水平和类型的额外技术开发， 用户. 这项研究还将调查一组“非用户”。“那 工业用户将被要求识别类似的公司（在规模上， 产品线、市场份额）。 调查人员将 然后联系那些类似的公司，确定“非用户”的联邦 实验室产品，对这些产品的潜在兴趣，以及 对使用联邦实验室要求的认识 产出 本设计将（a）解释实验室的模式- 行业互动，以及（B）评估的商业影响， 联邦实验室。

This study will assess the commercial impact on U.S. industry of U.S. federal laboratories' scientific and technical outputs. The assessment will be from the perspective of industry. Using data from a recent comprehensive study of 297 federal laboratories performed by the U.S. GAO, a population of federal laboratories will be defined. From that population a stratified probability sample about 40 federal laboratories will be drawn. The laboratories' Office of Research and Technical Applications ıORTA! (or the equivalent) will provide information about technical activities of the laboratories and outputs used by industry. The technical activities of the laboratories and outputs used by industry. The technical activities examined include not only the direct products of federal laboratory research, development, and demonstration (RD&amp;D) activities, but also the indirect transmission of knowledge and know-how. From ORTA records, a sample of industrial users will be developed. The study will gather qualitative and survey data from industrial users on such questions as how the users became aware of federal laboratories' products, barriers to use of the products, commercial value of the products, and level and types additional technical development performed by the user. The study will also examine a set of "non-users." The industrial users will be asked to identify firms similar (in size, product lines, market share) to their own. The investigators will then contact those similar firms, identify "non-users" of federal laboratory products, potential interest in those products, and perceptions about requirements for using federal laboratory outputs. This design will (a) explain patterns of laboratory- industry interactions, and (b) assess the commercial impacts of the federal laboratories.