Modulation of Pituitary Cell Physiology

垂体细胞生理学的调节

• 批准号: 9222192
• 负责人: Stephen Korn
• 金额: $ 24.4万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-01 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9222192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Modulation; Pituitary; Cell; Physiology

Changes in the concentration of intracellular calcium ions regulate an enormous variety of physiological functions in nearly all cells. These functions include hormone and neurotransmitter secretion, skeletal muscle contraction, heart rate and force of contraction, digestive and excretion processes, and control of DNA expression and protein synthesis. Changes in intracellular calcium levels are also involved in more global physiological and pathological events, which include learning and memory, cell and organ development, neurological and degenerative disorders and aging, to name a few. Dr. Korn is interested in determining the physiological circumstances and the different parts of the cells that are involved in elevation and reduction of intracellular calcium levels during hormone secretion. By using a technically sophisticated approach of combining patch clamp electrophysiology, video imaging and photometry, he will explore the mechanisms by which calcium regulates growth hormone secretion from somatotrophs. Somatotrophs an anterior pituitary cell type, is an excellent system to use since growth hormone secretion is under the excitatory hormonal control of growth hormone releasing factor and inhibitory hormonal control of somatostatin. Dr. Korn will analyze the time course of calcium changes in different cytoplasmic compartments following the stimulation and inhibition of hormone secretion. The results are likely to give answers with widely ranging implications for understanding cellular processes as well as to provide new insights specifically into the mechanisms governing growth hormone release and the control of ion channels in endocrine cells. Since the results will have implications for how hormone secretion can be manipulated in both man and animals, the findings may eventually be important for the field of animal husbandry, for associated agricultural industries, and the pharmaceutical industry.

细胞内钙离子浓度的变化 调节 在几乎所有的生物体中， 细胞 这些功能包括激素和神经递质的分泌， 骨骼肌收缩、心率和收缩力， 消化和排泄过程，以及DNA表达的控制 和蛋白质合成。 细胞内钙水平的变化 是 还涉及更多的全球生理和病理 事件， 包括学习和记忆，细胞和器官的发育， 神经和退化性疾病以及衰老，仅举几例。 科恩博士感兴趣的是 环境和细胞的不同部分 参与细胞内钙的升高和降低 水平 在荷尔蒙分泌过程中。 通过使用一种技术上复杂的 膜片钳电生理学、视频 成像 和光度学，他将探索钙 调节生长激素细胞的生长激素分泌。 素细胞 垂体前叶细胞类型，是一个很好的系统， 由于生长激素分泌是在兴奋性激素 控制生长激素释放因子和抑制 激素 生长抑素的控制。 科恩博士会分析 的 不同细胞质隔室中的钙变化 的 刺激和抑制激素分泌。 结果 可能会给出答案， 了解细胞过程，并提供新的 见解 特别是控制生长激素释放的机制 以及内分泌细胞中离子通道的控制。 以来 结果将对激素分泌如何影响 在人类和动物中进行操纵，这些发现最终可能会 被 对于畜牧业领域，对于相关的 农业和制药业。