Regional Policy, Spatial Polarization and Inequality in China, 1982-1990

中国的区域政策、空间极化和不平等，1982-1990

• 批准号: 9223163
• 负责人: C. Cindy Fan
• 金额: $ 2.8万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9223163&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regional; Policy; Spatial; Polarization; Inequality

National governments long have wrestled with issues of how to deal with differences among regions in the formulation and implementation of economic development policies. While the general goal of promoting equality in development among various regions often is promoted in order to improve the wellbeing of all residents of a nation, differences in the human and natural resources and in the geographic situations among regions argue for differential development policies to be developed and implemented. The conflicts between these different approaches to regional development have been apparent in the People's Republic of China in recent decades. Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, development policies favored regional equity in hopes that poorer inland provinces would "catch up" with wealthier eastern coastal provinces. Regional policies under Deng Xiaoping have emphasized regional specialization and division of labor, however, with export-oriented industrialization and trade in the east generating more rapid development than agricultural and energy- related activities in central provinces and animal husbandry and mineral-related activities to the west. This project will investigate the dynamics and implications of the shift in regional development policies through construction and analysis of a database containing demographic and socio-economic data for all counties in China in 1982 and 1990. Special attention will be given in the analyses to assessing the extent of spatial polarization in China, to measuring the degree of spatial inequality among different regions and changes in levels of inequality, and to identifying factors that explain those variations. This project will contribute to new understandings in a number of ways. The demographic and socio-economic database will provide unprecedented opportunities to explore differences in economic development and related factors across different parts of China over time. The analyses will provide new insights into the spatial implications of different regional development policies, especially the degree to which differential policies foster unequal levels of development. Not only will these insights be useful for those interested in the dynamics and implications of current Chinese economic policies, they also will enhance more general understandings of the spatial implications of development policies and practices in other locales.

各国政府长期以来一直在努力解决如何 处理各区域在制定和 实施经济发展政策。 而 促进各民族平等发展的总目标 为了改善人们的福祉， 一个国家的所有居民，人类和自然的差异 资源和地区之间的地理情况认为， 制定差别发展政策， 切实贯彻 这些不同方法之间的冲突， 在中华人民共和国，区域发展已经很明显 中国近几十年来。 在毛泽东的领导下， 发展政策倾向于地区公平，希望贫困地区 内陆省份将“赶上”较富裕的东部沿海地区 省份 邓小平领导下的区域政策强调， 区域专业化和劳动分工，然而， 东部外向型工业化和贸易 产生比农业和能源更快的发展- 中部各省的相关活动和畜牧业， 西部的矿产资源。 该项目将 调查的动力和影响的转变， 通过建设和分析制定区域发展政策 人口和社会经济数据库， 1982年和1990年，中国所有的县。 将特别注意 在分析中给出，以评估空间的程度， 极化在中国，以衡量程度的空间 不同区域之间的不平等以及 不平等，并确定解释这些现象的因素 变化. 该项目将有助于在一个新的认识， 有很多种方法。 人口和社会经济数据库将 提供了前所未有的机会来探索差异， 各地经济发展及相关因素 中国随着时间的推移。 这些分析将提供新的见解， 不同区域发展的空间含义 政策，特别是差别政策 造成不平等的发展水平。 这些不仅会 这些见解对那些对动态感兴趣的人有用， 中国当前经济政策的影响，他们也将 加强对空间影响的更普遍的理解 其他地区的发展政策和做法。