RUI: Group Value Versus Self Interest Concern in Fairness Judgements: A Test of a Contextual Priming Model

对正义的看法是公民作出反应的一个关键因素 司法判决、陪审团等法律的机构以及其他 政府活动。 普通人对司法判决的看法 对机构的合法性具有重要影响， 公民合规。 社会法学研究人员发现 两种不同但相关的正义理论， 强调公平的程序和尊重的待遇， 比特定的结果更重要。 的程序 正义理论认为，公平判断取决于 参与者对过程的控制程度和/或 最终的决定。 群体价值理论认为， 判断受信任和中立的影响， 当局以及当局是否尊重个人。 最近的一项研究表明，对群体价值的关注在很大程度上 对公平性的判断比控制问题更重要。 的 本研究将有助于理论的进步，通过测试 这些假设在不同条件下的相对有效性。 将进行四项研究，以调查 哪些个体的公平判断会受到控制的影响 与群体价值观的对比 情境启动模型是 提出了解释的条件下，两种类型的 关注会影响公平感。 因为模型 这表明，自我利益的关注更重要之前， 关于解决冲突问题，两项实地研究审查了 公平观在解决之前。 同样，因为 模型表明，自我利益的关注更重要， 两项实地研究都只从人口中取样， 纠纷中的个人（离婚和工作场所纠纷）。 在 此外，两个实验室实验将测试命题 （a）情境因素影响控制的重要性 与群体价值观的关系，以及（B）可访问性和 正当性判断是程序公正的核心 感知

Perceptions of justice are a critical factor in citizens' responses to judicial decisions, legal institutions such as juries, and other governmental activities. Lay perceptions of justice judgments carry important implications for the legitimacy of institutions and for citizen compliance. Sociolegal researchers have found evidence for two different but related theories of justice, both of which emphasize that fair procedures and respectful treatment are more important to citizens than particular outcomes. The Procedural Justice Theory holds that fairness judgments are dependent on the extent to which participants have control over the process and/or the ultimate decision. The Group Value Theory holds that fairness judgments are influenced by the trustworthiness and neutrality of authorities and whether authorities treat individuals with respect. A recent study showed that group value concerns are considerably more important for fairness judgments than control concerns. The present study will contribute to theoretical advance by testing the relative validity of these hypotheses under different conditions. Four studies will be undertaken to investigate the conditions under which individuals' fairness judgments will be influenced by control versus group value concerns. A contextual priming model is proposed to explain the conditions under which the two kinds of concerns will influence fairness perceptions. Because the model suggests that self-interest concerns are more important prior to the resolution of conflict, two field studies examine procedural fairness perceptions before settlement. Similarly, because the model suggests that self-interest concerns are more important in disputes, both field studies sample exclusively from populations of individuals in disputes (divorce and workplace disputes). In addition, two laboratory experiments will test the propositions that (a) situational factors influence the importance of control versus group value concerns, and (b) both accessibility and deservedness judgments are central to procedural fairness perceptions.