微孢子虫（Microsporidia）是重要的人兽共患寄生病原，其中毕氏肠微孢子虫（Enterocytozoon bieneusi）是导致人微孢子虫病的最主要虫种。该虫种的基因型根据进化分析可分成不同的group，其中group 2基因型在国外被认为具有牛适应性，人兽共患风险不高。然而，我国的研究显示group 2基因型在我国人和多种动物中都有流行，暗示其在我国具有较高的人兽共患风险。为此，本课题拟开展我国牛源group 2 BEB4基因型分离株的全基因组测序并建立适用group 2的多位点分型工具，在多个位点上研究我国毕氏肠微孢子虫group 2基因型与他国group 2基因型的遗传差异，及其与group 1基因型的遗传相似性。旨在通过高分辨率的多位点分型工具，了解我国group 2基因型与人兽共患传播相关的遗传特征，为新发group 2基因型人兽共患风险评估及其传播防控提供指导和建议。

Microsporidia have emerged as an important zoonotic pathogen. Of all species of microsporidia infecting humans, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most prevalent one. Base on phylogenetic analysis, E. bieneusi is devided into various groups. Group 2 genotypes have been recognized as cattle adapted, and are unlikely to infect humans overseas. However, studies in China have found this group human pathogenic and with a broad host range, indicating a zoonotic transmission risk of this group. Thus, in this study, we plan to do whole genome sequencing of E. bieneusi BEB4 isolate from China, and built a multilocus sequence typing tool for group 2 based on the genome data. In addition, bases on multiple polymorphic loci, genetic differences between group 2 genotypes from China and other areas, and genetic association between group 2 and zoonotic group 1 will be studied. With these efforts, this study means to figure out the zoonotic transmission features of E. bieneusi group 2 genotypes in China, and give suggestions to the disease control of emerging E. bieneusi group 2 genotypes.