Molecular Beam Experiments for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory

物理化学实验室的分子束实验

• 批准号: 9252074
• 负责人: Lawrence Brown
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-06-15 至 1994-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9252074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Beam; Experiments; Physical; Chemistry

New experiments using a molecular beam to explore the kinetic theory of gases and the concept of temperature will be developed for the physical chemistry lab. A relatively simple apparatus, capable of producing both effusive and supersonic beams, will be constructed for the project. The principal experiment will use time of flight methods to directly verify the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular speeds in a thermal beam. By examining a series of gases and using computer aided fitting of their data, students will be able to verify the dependence of the speed distribution on molecular mass and temperature. As an extension of this experiment, the operating conditions will be modified so that the beam becomes supersonic. This leads to a nonthermal speed distribution in which the beam molecules are not properly characterized by a temperature. Observation of this distribution will lead students to consider the physical meaning of temperature. The project provides a demonstration of important classical ideas in physical chemistry while at the same time exposing students to modern instrumentation and techniques.

使用分子束探索动力学的新实验 气体理论和温度的概念 为物理化学实验室研发的 相对简单的 既能产生喷出声又能产生超声波的装置 梁，将为该项目建设。 校长 实验将使用飞行时间方法直接验证 分子速度麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布 热束 通过检测一系列气体， 计算机辅助拟合他们的数据，学生将能够 验证速度分布对分子的依赖性 质量和温度。 作为这个实验的延伸， 操作条件将被修改，使得光束变得 超音速。 这导致了非热速度分布， 其中束分子没有被适当地表征为 温度 对这种分布的观察将导致 让学生思考温度的物理意义。 的 项目提供了一个重要的经典思想的示范 同时让学生们 现代仪器和技术。