PRF/J: Molecular Systematics of the Polyporaceae (Fungi, Basidiomycota)

担子菌科的系统发育关系 多孔菌科将利用DNA和氨基酸序列进行研究 数据 多孔菌科的孢子果从简单的， 形式，复杂，具毛柄的形式。 海牛可能是 多孔的，片状的，齿状的，等等。这项研究将告知 真菌形态进化的解释 系统发育背景 主要重点是：（a） 孢子果中形态的精致、缩小和聚合 进化，（B）在子实梗类型之间转换的模式。 衰变类型和交配系统的进化和同源性将是 类似的解释。 不同属的取样， 注重类型品种，将传统与现代进行对比 多孔菌科的概念。 两个分子数据来源将 利用：线粒体小亚基核糖体RNA基因和 核编码的液泡ATP酶B亚基。 强调支序分类 方法，两个地区的系统发育分析将允许 基因树的独立确证用于解释 有机体的繁殖 无约束系统发育的结果 分析结果将与用户定义的 拓扑约束，使定量评估 相互竞争的分类学和进化假说。 %%% 真菌分子系统学研究进展（1.5 100万种，是昆虫之后种类最丰富的分类单元）， 一直以来，这项研究都非常有限，这使得这项研究成为自 该群体的综合系统发育分类是 目前缺乏。 一些初步数据可用于 多孔菌科（Polyporaceae），属于膜菌纲（带有孢子的真菌 在暴露的子实层上）。 多孔菌和其他木材腐朽菌发挥作用 在全球碳循环中发挥重要作用，并造成巨大损失 在木材行业。 从这项研究中获得的信息 将在木材生物降解的研究中具有实际用途，因为 它将阐明木材腐烂同源性和功能的结果 有机体

Phylogenetic relationships of the basidiomycete family Polyporaceae will be investigated using DNA and amino acid sequence data. Sporocarps in the Polyporaceae range from simple, resupinate forms, to complex, pileate-stipitate forms. Hymenophores may be poroid, lamellate, toothed, etc. This study will inform the interpretation of fungal morphological evolution by providing a phylogenetic context. The principal focus is on: (a) the roles of morphological elaboration, reduction, and convergence in sporocarp evolution, (b) patterns of switching between hymenophore types. Evolution and homology of decay types and mating systems will be similarly elucidated. Sampling of diverse genera, with special attention on type species, will contrast traditional and modern concepts of the Polyporaceae. Two sources of molecular data will be utilized: mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA genes and nuclear-encoded vacuolar ATPase B-subunits. Emphasizing cladistic methods, phylogenetic analyses of the two regions will permit independent corroboration of gene trees used to interpret organismal phylogenies. Results from unconstrained phylogenetic analyses will be compared with those obtained under user-defined topological constraints, enabling a quantitative evaluation of competing taxonomic and evolutionary hypotheses. %%% To date molecular phylogenetic studies of the fungi (with 1.5 million species, the most speciose taxon after the insects) have been quite limited, making this study an important one since a comprehensive phylogenetic classification for the group is presently lacking. Some preliminary data are available for the Polyporaceae, which are hymenomycetes (fungi that bear their spores on an exposed hymenium). Polypores and other wood decay fungi play a significant role in global carbon cycling and cause great losses in the timber industry. The information derived from this research will be of practical use in studies of wood biodegradation because it will clarify results of homology and function in wood rot organisms.