Dissertation Research: Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Ecology of Calostoma (Boletales, Basidiomycetes)

论文研究： Calostoma（牛肝菌目、担子菌纲）的系统发育、分类学和生态学

• 批准号: 0508716
• 负责人: David Hibbett
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Clark University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0508716&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Phylogeny; Taxonomy; Ecology

Calostoma is a morphologically and ecologically enigmatic genus of puffball-forming fungi. Its bizarre structure has historically left the determination of its relationship to other fungi in dispute. Calostoma's ecological role is also undefined - it has been described as either a litter decomposer or as symbiotic with plants. The purpose of this project is to study the evolutionary relationships and ecological role of Calostoma using a combination of DNA analysis and measurements of nitrogen and carbon isotopes. This study will compare the relationships and ecologies of Calostoma species where they occur in North America, Asia, Southeast Asia and Austrailasia. Fungi are vital to the health of ecosystems, functioning as recyclers of nutrients, or as symbionts of plants by supplying minerals in exchange for sugars from photosynthesis. Understanding the ecological roles of fungi like Calostoma will aid in assessing the health of the ecosystems where these fungi occur. Analyses of the DNA from Calostoma and related fungi will accurately address questions of fungal biodiversity and clarify evolutionary relationships of fungi. The results of this study will be presented at various scientific conferences, published in scientific journals and presented as a webpage for the Tree of Life Web Project.

Calostoma是一种形态和生态上令人费解的马鞭菌属。它奇特的结构历来让人们在确定它与其他真菌的关系上存在争议。Calostoma的生态作用也不明确--它要么被描述为垃圾分解者，要么被描述为与植物共生。该项目的目的是利用DNA分析和氮、碳同位素测量相结合的方法，研究卡氏口藻的进化关系和生态作用。这项研究将比较出现在北美、亚洲、东南亚和澳大利亚的Calostoma物种的亲缘关系和生态。真菌对生态系统的健康至关重要，它作为养分的循环者，或作为植物的共生体，通过提供矿物质来换取光合作用中的糖。了解像Calostoma这样的真菌的生态作用将有助于评估这些真菌发生的生态系统的健康状况。对Calostoma和相关真菌的DNA分析将准确地解决真菌生物多样性的问题，并澄清真菌的进化关系。这项研究的结果将在各种科学会议上发表，在科学期刊上发表，并作为生命之树网络项目的网页呈现。