The Study of Cultural Change and Continuity in the Multi- Ethnic Colony of Fort Ross, California

小行星9304297 在国家科学基金会的支持下，肯特莱特富特博士和他的同事将继续在位于加州北方海岸的罗斯堡遗址进行考古研究。罗斯堡由俄美公司于1812年建立，该公司是一家商业垄断公司，代表俄罗斯在利润丰厚的北太平洋毛皮贸易中的利益。这座堡垒是加州海岸沿着捕猎海獭和海狗的中转区，也是一个种植农作物和饲养牲畜的农业社区。它一直掌握在俄美公司手中，直到1841年公司解散，土地出售。罗斯堡是一个多民族的社区，包括俄罗斯人以及相当大的阿拉斯加阿留申印第安人，他们被进口狩猎。 最后，当地的波莫印第安人也与堡垒有关，并执行一些任务。Lightfoot博士的研究目标是了解发生的种族互动，并深入了解文化适应是如何发生的。为了实现这一目标，他将继续考古发掘，重点是遗址的种族间地区，文件显示，混合群体的家庭生活在那里。波莫族妇女嫁给俄罗斯人和阿留申人。莱特富特博士将清理大片区域，以揭示个别家庭。他将分析收集到的文物，以确定文化融合的程度。通过使用调查，文件来源和波莫和阿留申线人，他还将试图重建更大的解决模式和文化景观。 文化接触和变化是当今世界的主导力量，因为即使是最偏远的地区也被纳入全球互动和经济体系。人类学家希望了解文化适应和同化发生的过程，而新世界由于其面积大，与旧世界的接触相对较新，已被证明是进行这种研究的肥沃土壤。Lightfoot博士指出，研究人员倾向于使用简单的模型，这些模型将欧洲人和单一的美洲土著群体之间的直接接触排除在外。事实上，现实往往更为复杂，因为接触往往是由其他印度社会介导的。罗斯堡提供了一个很好的例子，通过详细的检查，莱特富特博士希望确定如何调解变化，阿留申人作为中介，发生了。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将增加我们对种族间互动和文化变化过程的理解。它将为加州的早期历史提供新的线索，并有助于培养几名研究生。 ***

9304297 Lightfoot With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Kent Lightfoot and his colleagues will continue their archaeological research at the site of Fort Ross which is located on the northern California coast. Fort Ross was founded in 1812 by the Russian-American Company, a mercantile monopoly that represented Russia's interests in the lucrative North Pacific fur trade. The fort served as a staging area for sea otter and fur seal hunts along the coast of California and as an agricultural community for raising crops and livestock. It remained in the hands of the Russian-American company until 1841 when it was disbanded and the land sold. Fort Ross was a multiethnic community and included Russians as well as a sizeable contingent of Alaskan Aleut Indians who were imported to hunt. Finally, local Pomo Indians were also associated with the Fort and performed a number of tasks. The goal of Dr. Lightfoot's research is to understand the ethnic interactions which took place and to gain insight into how acculturation occurred. To accomplish this, he will continue archaeological excavation with a focus on the inter-ethnic areas of the site where, documents indicate, mixed- group families lived. Pomo women married both Russian and Aleut men. Dr. Lightfoot will clear large areas to reveal individual households. He will analyze artifacts collected to determine the degree of cultural syncretism which took place. Through use of survey, documents sources and both Pomo and Aleut informants, he will also attempt to reconstruct the larger settlement pattern and cultural landscape. Culture contact and change are dominant forces in today's world as even the most remote areas are drawn into global interaction and economic systems. Anthropologists wish to understand the processes by which cultural accommodation and assimilation take place and the New World, because of its large size and its relatively recent contact with the Old has proven a fertile ground for such investi gations. Dr. Lightfoot notes that researchers have tended to work with simple models which posit direct contact between Europeans and a single Native American group. In fact, the reality was often more complicated since exposure was often mediated by other Indian societies. Fort Ross provides an excellent example and through a detailed examination Dr. Lightfoot hopes to determine how mediated change, with Aleuts as intermediaries, took place. This research is important for several reasons. It will increase our understanding of inter-ethnic interaction and the process of culture change. It will shed new light on California's early history and assist in the training of several graduate students. ***