The Biophysics of Pattern Formation in Plants

植物模式形成的生物物理学

• 批准号: 9304369
• 负责人: Paul Green
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-15 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9304369&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biophysics; Pattern; Formation; Plants

9304369 Green This proposal addresses the mechanisms for expression of pattern in the plant shoot. The aim is to explain a) the origin of pattern, b) its propagation, i.e. phyllotaxis, and c) change of pattern as in flower mutants. Organ pattern is first seen in the arrangement of folds or bumps in the surface layer of the apical dome, the tunica. Current theory usually postulates that a chemical pre-pattern is first generated by diffusing inhibitors or morphogens and then converted, congruently, to solid tissue configuration. It is proposed here to further pursue an alternate hypothesis where pattern is directly generated in the tissue itself by physical laws of the solid state, i.e. buckling theory based on the von Karman equations. The research plan is as follows: Selected developmental progressions will be characterized by a non-destructive SEM replica technique to determine the precise course of tissue folding and cell growth in vivo. Parallel computer simulations will determine the extent to which buckling theory can account for the observed progressions. Dr. Green will study vegetative shoots and morphological floral mutants (concentric and blind in Petunia). Further testing involves responses to physical constraint and the local application of morphogenetically active compounds. This research will clarify the biophysics of morphogenesis and its modulation by diffusing agents. ***

9304369绿色 这一建议解决了在植物地上部表达模式的机制。目的是解释a）模式的起源，B）它的传播，即叶序，以及c）花突变体中模式的变化。器官型首先见于顶丘（图尼卡）表层的褶皱或隆起。 目前的理论通常假设，化学预模式首先通过扩散抑制剂或形态发生剂产生，然后一致地转化为固体组织构型。这里提出进一步追求另一种假设，其中图案通过固态的物理定律在组织本身中直接产生，即基于von Karman方程的屈曲理论。研究计划如下：选定的发育进展将通过非破坏性SEM复制技术进行表征，以确定体内组织折叠和细胞生长的精确过程。并行计算机模拟将确定屈曲理论能够解释所观察到的进展的程度。绿色博士将研究营养芽和形态花突变体（同心和盲目的矮牵牛花）。 进一步的测试包括对物理约束的反应和局部应用形态发生活性化合物。这项研究将澄清形态发生的生物物理学和扩散剂的调制。 ***