RUI: Assessing Change in Aquatic Resources Using a Historical Data Base: Effects of Land Use on Lakewater Chemistry and Plankton Biodiversity

RUI：利用历史数据库评估水生资源的变化：土地利用对湖水化学和浮游生物多样性的影响

• 批准号: 9306587
• 负责人: Peter Siver
• 金额: $ 33.75万
• 依托单位: Connecticut College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9306587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Assessing; Change; Aquatic; Resources

The focus of this study is to utilize historical information in order to examine and document relationships between land use and the character of lakewater chemistry and phytoplankton biodiversity in a suite of 30 lakes. Three sets of historical information will be assembled for each of the 30 waterbodies. The first set of data will consist of a detailed analysis of the siliceous algal phytoplankton flora for each lake for 1934, 1970, 1990, and for pre-European settlement. The floras will be determined using microfossil remains from lead-210 dated sediment cores. The second set of data will consist of lakewater chemical analyses from the same time periods assembled from actual chemical records and/or inferred from paleolimnological inference models. The third set of data will consist of land use determinations for each surrounding watershed for 1934, 1970 and 1990, derived from high resolution aerial photographs, historical maps and other archived land use records. The three sets of data will be used to correlate changes in the chemical and biological status of each lake with measured alterations in land use for three time periods, the arrival of Europeans to the 1930s, the 1930s to 1970s, and the 1970s to 1990s. %%% One of the primary causes of anthropogenic stress on aquatic ecosystems is the increase in solute content of runoff from catchment basins caused by a change in land use. Despite this fact, the impacts that changing land cover patterns have on receiving waterbodies are poorly understood. The availability of detailed historical records coupled with the ability to extract data from the sediment record offers a rare opportunity to analyze the effects of land use on aquatic ecosystems. A fundamental understanding of how changes from one type of land use to another could alter a nearby waterbody would provide a powerful tool for lake management. The integration of historical records, as outlined in this study, could serve as a model for similar projects in other geographic regions.

本研究的重点是利用历史信息来检查和记录 30 个湖泊中土地利用与湖水化学特征和浮游植物生物多样性之间的关系。 将为 30 个水体中的每一个收集三组历史信息。 第一组数据将包括对 1934 年、1970 年、1990 年以及欧洲定居之前每个湖泊的硅质藻类浮游植物区系的详细分析。 这些植物区系将利用来自铅 210 测年沉积岩芯的微化石遗骸来确定。 第二组数据将包括同一时期的湖水化学分析，这些分析是根据实际化学记录收集的和/或根据古湖沼学推理模型推断的。 第三组数据将包括 1934 年、1970 年和 1990 年每个周边流域的土地利用确定，这些数据来自高分辨率航空照片、历史地图和其他存档的土地利用记录。 这三组数据将用于将每个湖泊的化学和生物状况的变化与三个时期（即欧洲人到来至 1930 年代、1930 年代至 1970 年代以及 1970 年代至 1990 年代）土地利用的测量变化联系起来。 %%% 水生生态系统人为压力的主要原因之一是土地利用变化导致流域径流溶质含量增加。 尽管如此，人们对土地覆盖格局变化对受纳水体的影响知之甚少。 详细历史记录的可用性以及从沉积物记录中提取数据的能力为分析土地利用对水生生态系统的影响提供了难得的机会。 对从一种土地利用类型到另一种土地利用类型的变化如何改变附近水体的基本了解将为湖泊管理提供强大的工具。 正如本研究所述，历史记录的整合可以作为其他地理区域类似项目的模型。