Assessing the relationship between fungal pathogenicity and climate change and the risk of emergent pathogens in a changing climate

评估真菌致病性与气候变化之间的关系以及气候变化中新出现病原体的风险

• 批准号: 10712199
• 负责人: Adriana Romero Olivares
• 金额: $ 18.32万
• 依托单位: NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-17 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712199
• 关键词: Address; Agglutinins; Blastomycosis; Body Temperature; Candidiasis; Chronic; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Coupled; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Droughts; Ecosystem; Ensure; Environmental Impact; Exposure to; Future; Gene Expression Profile; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Transcription; Goals; Health; Health protection; Heat shock proteins; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Individual; Investments; Knowledge; Life Cycle Stages; Measures; Metalloproteins; Methods; Microbiological Techniques; Microbiology; Mission; Mitotic; Modeling; Mucormycosis; Organism; Outcome; Pathogenicity; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Policy Maker; Process; Proliferating; Public Health; RNA Helicase; Race; Research; Resources; Risk; Societies; Soil; Stress; Temperature; Testing; Trehalose; Tube; United States National Institutes of Health; Up-Regulation; Work; bioinformatics tool; climate change; comparison control; copper oxidase; desert fever; emerging pathogen; environmental change; environmental stressor; experimental study; functional group; fungus; glucan synthase; innovation; insight; outbreak concern; outbreak prediction; pathogen; pathogenic fungus; programs; response; stress tolerance; virulence gene; vulnerable community

Global climate change is projected to increase the spread of fungal infectious diseases due to persistent stressful environmental conditions, such as record-breaking hot temperatures and droughts. Because pathogenic fungi are good at tolerating stress, they may thrive under environmental stressful conditions compared to other non-pathogenic fungi. The objective of this proposal is to investigate the relationship between fungal pathogenicity and climate change. Specifically, if stress-tolerance brought by global climate change triggers pathogenicity in soil fungi. The central hypothesis is that exposure to chronic environmental stressors, such as heat and drought, favors the proliferation of pathogenic fungi in soil fungal communities and enhances their stress-tolerance and pathogenicity. The rationale of this hypothesis is that upon completion of this project, we will have identified mechanisms to better understand the relationship between climate change and pathogenicity. Consequently, this will allow us to better plan for potential outbreaks of fungal infectious diseases under global climate change, develop contingency plans, and potential treatments. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Assess if stressful chronic conditions from climate change, such as heat and drought, favor pathogenic fungi over non-pathogenic fungi in soils; 2) Determine if heat and drought trigger saprotroph-to-pathogen transformations in fungi; 3) Evaluate if exposure to chronic heat and drought cause persistent physiological changes in fungi including increased stress-tolerance and pathogenicity. We will pursue these aims using an innovative and multi-scale approach which lies at the intersection of microbiology, climate change, and public health. It includes the use of traditional microbiological techniques coupled with recently developed high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic tools. These will be applied at the species and community level to assess short- and long-term responses. The proposed research is significant because investigating how fungi are responding and adjusting to global climate change is vital for understanding and predicting future fungal disease outbreaks. The expected outcome of this work is to obtain comprehensive knowledge of the changes the soil fungal community undergoes when exposed to chronic heat and drought. In addition, to better understand fungal resource investment under stressful environmental conditions, including physiological responses underlying pathogenicity in wild fungal communities at multiple scale. The results of this project will have a positive impact immediately because it will provide knowledge into pathogenicity mechanisms that fungi undergo when exposed to stressful conditions. Therefore, my work will: 1) provide foundational knowledge to model and predict future fungal disease outbreaks and 2) inform policy makers on the public health threat potential that climate change has on soil fungal communities. Altogether, fulfilling a long term-goal of my research program which is to help better plan to ensure the health of our society under a changing climate.

全球气候变化预计将增加真菌传染病的传播，因为持续的 紧张的环境条件，如破纪录的高温和干旱。因为 病原真菌善于耐受压力，它们可以在环境压力条件下茁壮成长。 与其他非致病真菌相比。这项建议的目的是调查这一关系 真菌致病性和气候变化之间的关系。具体地说，如果全球气候带来的压力容忍 变化触发了土壤真菌的致病性。中心假设是，长期暴露在环境中 胁迫因素，如高温和干旱，有利于病原真菌在土壤真菌群落中的增殖和 增强了它们的抗逆性和致病性。这一假设的基本原理是，在完成 在这个项目中，我们将确定更好地理解气候变化之间关系的机制 和致病性。因此，这将使我们能够更好地计划可能爆发的真菌感染 全球气候变化下的疾病，制定应急计划，以及可能的治疗方法。中环 假设将通过追求三个具体目标来检验：1)评估气候带来的慢性压力 变化，如高温和干旱，有利于土壤中的致病真菌而不是非致病真菌；2)确定 高温和干旱引发真菌腐生菌向病原体的转化；3)评估长期接触 高温和干旱导致真菌持续的生理变化，包括提高应激耐受性和 致病性。我们会以创新和多层次的方法，以期达致这些目标。 微生物学、气候变化和公共卫生的交叉学科。它包括使用传统的微生物 技术与最近开发的高通量测序和生物信息学工具相结合。这些将是 在物种和群落层面上应用，以评估短期和长期反应。拟议的研究 因为研究真菌如何响应和适应全球气候变化对 了解和预测未来真菌病的暴发。这项工作的预期结果是获得 全面了解土壤真菌群落在长期高温下所经历的变化 还有干旱。此外，为了更好地了解压力环境下的真菌资源投资 条件，包括多个野生真菌群落致病的生理反应 比例。该项目的结果将立即产生积极影响，因为它将为 真菌暴露在应激条件下的致病机制。因此，我的工作将：1) 提供建模和预测未来真菌疾病暴发的基础知识，2)为政策提供信息 气候变化对土壤真菌群落的潜在公共健康威胁。总而言之， 实现我的研究计划的长期目标，即帮助制定更好的计划，确保我们的健康 气候变化下的社会。