Links Between Academic Research and Industrial Innovation: Changes Over Time and Differences by Size of Firm and Country

该项目调查：(1)各行业学术研究和产业创新之间联系的性质和强度的最新变化；(2)中小型和大型公司在创新基于最新学术研究的程度以及它们利用、使用和与学术研究互动的方式方面的差异，(3)美国和外国公司近年来基于学术研究的创新程度的差异，(4)与大学进行研究产生的知识和专有技术成功转移到行业相关的因素，以及(5)促使学术研究人员从事被公司视为对其产品和工艺创新做出重大贡献的工作的因素。其目的是对这些重要主题中的每一个都有新的认识。在我们以前这方面工作的基础上，收集和分析了来自信息处理、电子、化学、仪器、制药、金属和石油行业的公司的数据，以及来自这些行业的公司引用的对其产品和工艺创新做出特别重大贡献的学术研究人员样本的数据/信息。基于这类详细的数据，将进行统计分析，其结果应该对试图增加国家学术研究的经济回报的决策者有用。

This project investigates: (1) recent changes in the nature and strength of the links between academic research and industrial innovation in various industries, (2) differences among small, medium-sized and large firms in the extent to which their innovations are based on recent academic research and in the ways in which they tap into, use, and interact with academic research, (3) differences between U.S. and foreign firms in the extent to which their innovations in recent years have been based on academic research, (4) factors associated with the successful transfer to industry of the knowledge and know how resulting from research carried out by universities, and (5) factors leading academic researchers to do work regarded by firms as being significant contributions to their product and process innovations. The purpose is to shed new light on each of these important topics. Building on our previous work in this area, data from firms in the information processing, electronics, chemical, instruments, pharmaceutical, metals, and petroleum industries is collected and analyzed as well as data/information from a sample of academic researchers who have been cited by firms in these industries as having made particularly significant contributions to their product and process innovations. Based on detailed data of this sort, statistical analyses will be carried out, the results of which should be of use to decision makers attempting to increase the economic payoff from the nation's academic research.