RUI: Geomorphology and Erosion of Extensional Mountain Blocks

RUI：伸展山块的地貌和侵蚀

• 批准号: 9317181
• 负责人: David Harbor
• 金额: $ 6.42万
• 依托单位: Washington and Lee University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9317181&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Geomorphology; Erosion; Extensional; Mountain

9317181 Harbor Geomorphic response to extensional uplift is a matter of concern to the geomorphologist, geophysicist, and sedimentologist, but has received little quantitative study. The area south of Yellowstone in the transition between the Basin and Range and Middle Rocky Mountains of Wyoming is dotted by extensional uplifts that exhibit a varying degree of structural offset and erosional dissection. the types of geomorphic processes and rates of erosion in several of these ranges will be studied in order to provide new data on redistribution of mass in the presence of major tectonic relief. The field area will also be numerically described in terms of relief and the dimensions/characteristics of drainage basins and stream segments, in part from DEM models of topography. Selected areas within these mountainous uplifts will also be mapped according to geomorphic process and studied in detail for rate of erosion. Using deposits that have accumulated on datable surfaces and incision or aggradation of streams over the last 103 to 104 years, the rate of processes on "competing" geomorphic components of mountain uplifts will be quantified. Deposits slated for study include pluvial lake deltas, debris fans, and valley fills behind landslide dams and moraines. All of these data will be used together to discover, if possible, the important predictors of denudation rate, such as relief or drainage area. Conceptual models of geomorphic processes will be evaluated against these data and also against descriptions of processes. Of particular interest is the change in rate of drainage basin erosion with time and increasing offset.

9317181港口地貌对伸展隆升的响应一直是地貌学家、地球物理学家和沉积学家所关注的问题，但很少得到定量研究。黄石公园以南地区处于怀俄明州盆地和山脉与中落基山脉之间的过渡阶段，点缀着伸展隆起，表现出不同程度的构造错动和侵蚀解剖。将研究其中几个区域的地貌过程类型和侵蚀速率，以便提供在存在主要构造起伏的情况下质量重新分布的新数据。该地区还将根据地形地貌和流域和河段的尺寸/特征进行数值描述，部分是根据地形的DEM模型。还将根据地貌过程绘制这些山区隆起内的选定地区的地图，并详细研究侵蚀速度。利用过去103到104年间在可形成日期的表面上积累的沉积物和溪流的切割或沉积，将量化山脉隆起的“竞争”地貌成分的过程的速率。预计将进行研究的沉积物包括洪积湖三角洲、碎屑扇和滑坡大坝和冰雹后面的山谷填充物。如果可能的话，所有这些数据都将被用来发现剥蚀率的重要预测因素，如地形起伏或流域面积。地貌过程的概念模型将根据这些数据和对过程的描述进行评估。特别令人感兴趣的是，流域侵蚀速率随时间和偏移量的增加而变化。