EAGER: Collaborative Research: Invisible Floods on the Mississippi River Floodplain: Unravelling the Causes of Urban Flooding in a Community-Centered Approach to Geomorphology

EAGER：合作研究：密西西比河漫滩上的隐形洪水：以社区为中心的地貌学方法揭示城市洪水的原因

• 批准号: 2026780
• 负责人: Claire Masteller
• 金额: $ 16.49万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Invisible; Floods

Stretching for over 80 miles along the Illinois bank of the Mississippi River, the area of Mississippi River Floodplain known as the American Bottom is home to over 130,000 people who depend on infrastructure that controls and curtails flooding. Although the Mississippi River is the most the significant threat to floodplain communities in the American Bottom, a system of floodplain channels has triggered some of the most widespread and damaging incidents of flooding. In some cases, substantial infilling with sediment and woody material has caused these channels to literally pour into some of the most economically vulnerable communities in the US. In this EAGER proposal, the investigators will apply a new model in the practice of geomorphology, in which scientists and community members collaborate in inquiry and data collection. They will focus their initial efforts in the community of Centreville, Illinois, where the impacts of flooding have been the most damaging. They will work directly with the community to better constrain the causes and impacts of severe flooding, and to broaden their engagement with communities of the Greater St. Louis region, they are partnering with Harris-Stowe State University to offer four summer internships to rising seniors of the university. Their goal is to build meaningful and empowering undergraduate research experiences for underrepresented minorities by designing those experiences around civic engagement and environmental science.The investigators aim to demonstrate how community-centered research that is applied to managed and inhabited landscapes can, at the same time, lead to novel and impactful insights into landscape evolution. In their case, the focus is on floodplain channels of the American Bottom. Floodplain channels have been a focus of research in geomorphology for some time, but these previous efforts have largely focused on floodplain channels whose very forms are produced and controlled by lowland rivers. Floodplain channels whose forms and function are largely independent of lowland rivers, but instead are a product of upland drainages, are much less understood. The investigators will provide the first geomorphological assessment of the floodplain channels of the American Bottom, including both natural and modified reaches. By integrating field surveys, sediment coring, and numerical experiments the investigators will: 1) calculate sediment supply rates from bluff drainages into floodplain channels; 2) determine how and why sediment transport capacity varies along floodplain channels; and 3) identify flood risks associated with channel infilling for Centreville.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

密西西比河泛滥平原沿着密西西比河的伊利诺斯州河岸绵延80多英里，被称为美国的底部，是超过13万人的家园，他们依赖于控制和减少洪水的基础设施。尽管密西西比河是对美国底部洪泛区社区最严重的威胁，但洪泛区河道系统已经引发了一些最广泛和最具破坏性的洪水事件。在某些情况下，沉积物和木质物质的大量填充导致这些渠道确实涌入了美国一些经济上最脆弱的社区。在这个EAGER提案中，研究人员将在地貌学实践中应用一个新的模型，在这个模型中，科学家和社区成员在调查和数据收集方面进行合作。他们将把最初的努力集中在伊利诺伊州的森特维尔社区，那里的洪水影响最严重。他们将直接与社区合作，更好地控制严重洪水的原因和影响，并扩大他们与大圣路易斯地区社区的接触，他们正在与哈里斯-斯托州立大学合作，为该大学即将毕业的大四学生提供四个暑期实习机会。他们的目标是通过围绕公民参与和环境科学设计这些经验，为代表性不足的少数民族建立有意义和赋权的本科生研究经验。研究人员的目标是展示如何将以社区为中心的研究应用于管理和居住景观，同时对景观演变产生新颖而有影响力的见解。在他们的案例中，重点是美国底部的洪泛平原通道。河漫滩河道一直是地貌学研究的焦点，但这些先前的努力主要集中在河漫滩河道，其形式是由低地河流产生和控制的。洪泛区河道的形式和功能在很大程度上独立于低地河流，而是高地排水系统的产物，人们对它们的了解要少得多。调查人员将首次对美国海底的洪泛区河道进行地貌评估，包括自然河段和改造河段。通过综合野外调查、沉积物取心和数值实验，研究人员将：1)计算从断崖流域到洪泛平原河道的沉积物供应速率；2)确定河漫滩河道输沙能力变化的方式和原因；3)确定与Centreville河道填埋相关的洪水风险。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。