EAGER: Collaborative Research: Invisible Floods on the Mississippi River Floodplain: Unravelling the Causes of Urban Flooding in a Community-Centered Approach to Geomorphology

EAGER：合作研究：密西西比河漫滩上的隐形洪水：以社区为中心的地貌学方法揭示城市洪水的原因

• 批准号: 2026780
• 负责人: Claire Masteller
• 金额: $ 16.49万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Invisible; Floods

Stretching for over 80 miles along the Illinois bank of the Mississippi River, the area of Mississippi River Floodplain known as the American Bottom is home to over 130,000 people who depend on infrastructure that controls and curtails flooding. Although the Mississippi River is the most the significant threat to floodplain communities in the American Bottom, a system of floodplain channels has triggered some of the most widespread and damaging incidents of flooding. In some cases, substantial infilling with sediment and woody material has caused these channels to literally pour into some of the most economically vulnerable communities in the US. In this EAGER proposal, the investigators will apply a new model in the practice of geomorphology, in which scientists and community members collaborate in inquiry and data collection. They will focus their initial efforts in the community of Centreville, Illinois, where the impacts of flooding have been the most damaging. They will work directly with the community to better constrain the causes and impacts of severe flooding, and to broaden their engagement with communities of the Greater St. Louis region, they are partnering with Harris-Stowe State University to offer four summer internships to rising seniors of the university. Their goal is to build meaningful and empowering undergraduate research experiences for underrepresented minorities by designing those experiences around civic engagement and environmental science.The investigators aim to demonstrate how community-centered research that is applied to managed and inhabited landscapes can, at the same time, lead to novel and impactful insights into landscape evolution. In their case, the focus is on floodplain channels of the American Bottom. Floodplain channels have been a focus of research in geomorphology for some time, but these previous efforts have largely focused on floodplain channels whose very forms are produced and controlled by lowland rivers. Floodplain channels whose forms and function are largely independent of lowland rivers, but instead are a product of upland drainages, are much less understood. The investigators will provide the first geomorphological assessment of the floodplain channels of the American Bottom, including both natural and modified reaches. By integrating field surveys, sediment coring, and numerical experiments the investigators will: 1) calculate sediment supply rates from bluff drainages into floodplain channels; 2) determine how and why sediment transport capacity varies along floodplain channels; and 3) identify flood risks associated with channel infilling for Centreville.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿着密西西比河的伊利诺斯河岸延伸沿着80多英里，被称为美国底部的密西西比河洪泛区是13万多人的家园，他们依赖控制和减少洪水的基础设施。尽管密西西比河是美国南部洪泛区社区面临的最大威胁，但洪泛区通道系统引发了一些最广泛和最具破坏性的洪水事件。在某些情况下，沉积物和木质材料的大量填充导致这些渠道实际上涌入美国一些经济最脆弱的社区。在EAGER的建议中，研究人员将在地貌学实践中应用一种新的模式，科学家和社区成员在调查和数据收集方面进行合作。他们将把最初的努力集中在伊利诺伊州的森特维尔社区，那里的洪水影响最具破坏性。他们将直接与社区合作，以更好地限制严重洪水的原因和影响，并扩大他们与大圣路易斯地区社区的接触，他们正在与哈里斯-斯托州立大学合作，为大学的高年级学生提供四个暑期实习机会。他们的目标是通过围绕公民参与和环境科学设计这些经验，为代表性不足的少数民族建立有意义和赋权的本科生研究经验。调查人员旨在展示如何将以社区为中心的研究应用于管理和居住的景观，同时，导致景观演变的新颖和有影响力的见解。在他们的情况下，重点是美国底部的洪泛平原通道。洪泛区河道一直是地貌学研究的焦点，但这些以前的努力主要集中在洪泛区河道，其形式是由低地河流产生和控制。河漫滩渠道的形式和功能在很大程度上独立于低地河流，而是高地排水系统的产物，人们对河漫滩渠道的了解要少得多。调查人员将提供第一个地貌评估的漫滩渠道的美国底部，包括自然和修改的河段。结合野外调查、沉积物取芯和数值试验，研究者将：1）计算从海崖形排水到漫滩河道的沉积物供给率; 2）确定输沙能力如何和为什么沿沿着河道变化;和3）确定与Centreville河道填充相关的洪水风险。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的学术价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。