EAGER: Collaborative Research: Invisible Floods on the Mississippi River Floodplain: Unravelling the Causes of Urban Flooding in a Community-Centered Approach to Geomorphology

EAGER：合作研究：密西西比河漫滩上的隐形洪水：以社区为中心的地貌学方法揭示城市洪水的原因

• 批准号: 2026780
• 负责人: Claire Masteller
• 金额: $ 16.49万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Invisible; Floods

Stretching for over 80 miles along the Illinois bank of the Mississippi River, the area of Mississippi River Floodplain known as the American Bottom is home to over 130,000 people who depend on infrastructure that controls and curtails flooding. Although the Mississippi River is the most the significant threat to floodplain communities in the American Bottom, a system of floodplain channels has triggered some of the most widespread and damaging incidents of flooding. In some cases, substantial infilling with sediment and woody material has caused these channels to literally pour into some of the most economically vulnerable communities in the US. In this EAGER proposal, the investigators will apply a new model in the practice of geomorphology, in which scientists and community members collaborate in inquiry and data collection. They will focus their initial efforts in the community of Centreville, Illinois, where the impacts of flooding have been the most damaging. They will work directly with the community to better constrain the causes and impacts of severe flooding, and to broaden their engagement with communities of the Greater St. Louis region, they are partnering with Harris-Stowe State University to offer four summer internships to rising seniors of the university. Their goal is to build meaningful and empowering undergraduate research experiences for underrepresented minorities by designing those experiences around civic engagement and environmental science.The investigators aim to demonstrate how community-centered research that is applied to managed and inhabited landscapes can, at the same time, lead to novel and impactful insights into landscape evolution. In their case, the focus is on floodplain channels of the American Bottom. Floodplain channels have been a focus of research in geomorphology for some time, but these previous efforts have largely focused on floodplain channels whose very forms are produced and controlled by lowland rivers. Floodplain channels whose forms and function are largely independent of lowland rivers, but instead are a product of upland drainages, are much less understood. The investigators will provide the first geomorphological assessment of the floodplain channels of the American Bottom, including both natural and modified reaches. By integrating field surveys, sediment coring, and numerical experiments the investigators will: 1) calculate sediment supply rates from bluff drainages into floodplain channels; 2) determine how and why sediment transport capacity varies along floodplain channels; and 3) identify flood risks associated with channel infilling for Centreville.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

密西西比河洪泛区（American Bottom）沿着密西西比河的伊利诺伊州河岸延伸了80多英里，拥有13万人的家园，这些人依靠控制和减少洪水泛滥的基础设施。尽管密西西比河是美国底部洪泛区社区的最重大威胁，但洪泛区渠道系统引发了一些最广泛和最具破坏性的洪水事件。在某些情况下，用沉积物和木质材料进行大量填充导致这些渠道实际上涌入了美国一些最脆弱的社区。在这项渴望的建议中，研究人员将在地貌学实践中采用新模型，科学家和社区成员在调查和数据收集方面合作。他们将把最初的努力集中在伊利诺伊州Centerville社区，那里的洪水影响最大。他们将直接与社区合作，以更好地限制严重洪水的原因和影响，并扩大他们与大圣路易斯地区社区的互动，他们与哈里斯·斯托州立大学合作，向大学的老年人提供四个暑期实习。他们的目标是通过设计围绕公民参与和环境科学的经验来为代表性不足的少数群体建立有意义和授权的本科研究经验。研究人员旨在证明如何将以社区为中心的研究应用于管理和居住的景观，同时可以导致新颖的和有影响力的洞察力，从而促进新颖和有影响力的洞察力，从而进入景观景观。就他们而言，重点是美国底部的洪泛区渠道。一段时间以来，洪泛区渠道一直是地貌研究的重点，但是这些先前的努力主要集中在洪泛区渠道上，其形式是由低地河流产生和控制的。洪泛区的形式和功能在很大程度上独立于低地河流，而是陆地排水的产物，知之甚少。研究人员将对美国底部的洪泛区通道（包括自然和修改范围）进行首次对洪泛区通道的地貌评估。通过整合现场调查，沉积物加油和数值实验，研究人员将：1）将空白排水的沉积物供应速率计算为洪泛区通道； 2）确定如何以及为什么沿洪泛区通道变化的沉积物运输能力； 3）确定与Centreville的渠道填充有关的洪水风险。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评论标准来评估值得支持的。