CAREER: Data-Driven Inversion of Subduction Zone Topography using Tectonic Geomorphology

职业：利用构造地貌学数据驱动的俯冲带地形反演

• 批准号: 2041910
• 负责人: Sean Gallen
• 金额: $ 59.51万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2041910&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Data; Driven; Inversion; Subduction

The development of Earth’s topography impacts the flux and routing of surface water, sediment, and nutrients to oceans, affects feedbacks between the solid Earth and atmosphere, and impacts the evolution and diversity of species. Earth’s topography is also a primary observable of tectonic activity. For example, nearly every Earth science student learns to identify deep ocean trenches and adjacent mountain belts as the surface expression of active subduction, where one tectonic plate dives beneath another. It follows that we should, in principle, be able to use subduction zone topography (or that of any other active orogen) to understand the underlying geodynamic processes involved in its construction. While scientists have made great strides in this direction, recovering tectonic signals directly from topography remains a crucial challenge. This research will develop and apply new methods to narrow this knowledge gap through a case study of the Calabrian subduction zone in southern Italy. This study will clarify the role of topography as a recorder of subduction zone dynamics and improve understanding of the landscape response to geodynamic forcing by disentangling crustal, mantle, and earth surface contributions to topographic change. The new methods and results will be relevant for better understanding the context of earthquake hazards along these dynamic plate boundaries. Through a three-pronged educational outreach program, this project will engage traditionally underrepresented groups in primary research, develop community education modules, and host workshops to train professionals to use the scientific and educational materials developed.This study will conduct a plate boundary-scale paleo-geodetic experiment realized through the development and application of a novel data-driven Bayesian inversion of tectonic geomorphology measurements and fluvial topography. This approach will be used to test the hypothesis that the recent and rapid rise of topography above the Calabrian subduction zone is driven by mantle dynamics associated with slab tearing and asthenospheric flow around torn slab edges. This study will compile existing and generate new datasets on long-term erosion rates, the magnitude and age of uplifted marine and river terraces, and fault slip and kinematics. This project will train two Ph.D. students and three undergraduates through participation in field and lab work, data analysis, modeling, outreach, writing, and national conferences. The integrated education plan will focus on three related components: (1) an undergraduate training network (UTN), (2) development of community educational resources, and (3) targeted outreach and training. The UTN will recruit three undergraduate students, emphasizing those from underrepresented groups, to participate in a multi-year program to foster the development of next-generation leaders in Earth science through participation in research and outreach. Working with experts at the Geodesy Tools for Societal Issues (GETSI) program and Science Education Research Center (SERC), community educational resources developed will focus on field geodesy and tectonic geomorphology techniques and datasets generated during this study. Outreach and training of the generated scientific and educational materials will be bolstered through participation in GETSI-sponsored outreach and the hosting of workshops at national conferences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球地形的发展影响着地表水、沉积物和营养物质流向海洋的流量和路径，影响着固体地球和大气之间的反馈，并影响着物种的进化和多样性。地球的地形也是构造活动的主要观测对象。例如，几乎每一个地球科学专业的学生都学会了将深海海沟和邻近的山脉带识别为活跃俯冲的表面表现，其中一个构造板块潜入另一个构造板块之下。因此，原则上，我们应该能够利用俯冲带地形（或任何其他活动造山带的地形）来了解其构造所涉及的潜在地球动力学过程。虽然科学家们在这方面取得了很大进展，但直接从地形中恢复构造信号仍然是一个关键的挑战。本研究将通过对意大利南部卡拉布里亚俯冲带的案例研究，开发和应用新的方法来缩小这一知识差距。这项研究将澄清地形作为俯冲带动力学记录仪的作用，并通过解开地壳，地幔和地球表面对地形变化的贡献，提高对地球动力学强迫的景观响应的理解。新的方法和结果将有助于更好地了解这些动态板块沿着地震灾害背景。通过一个三管齐下的教育推广计划，该项目将使传统上代表性不足的群体参与初级研究，开发社区教育模块，该研究将通过开发和应用一种新的数据--驱动的构造地貌测量和河流地形的贝叶斯反演。这种方法将被用来测试的假设，最近和快速上升的地形以上的卡拉布里亚俯冲带是由地幔动力学与板撕裂和软流圈流周围撕裂板边缘。这项研究将汇编现有的数据集并生成新的数据集，这些数据集涉及长期侵蚀速率、上升的海洋和河流阶地的规模和年龄以及断层滑动和运动学。该项目将培养两名博士。学生和三名本科生通过参与实地和实验室工作，数据分析，建模，推广，写作和全国会议。综合教育计划将重点关注三个相关组成部分：（1）本科生培训网络（UTN），（2）社区教育资源开发，以及（3）有针对性的外展和培训。UTN将招募三名本科生，重点是那些来自代表性不足的群体，参加一个多年计划，通过参与研究和推广，促进地球科学下一代领导者的发展。与社会问题大地测量工具（GETSI）计划和科学教育研究中心（SERC）的专家合作，开发的社区教育资源将集中在野外大地测量和构造地貌学技术以及本研究期间生成的数据集上。将通过参与GETSI赞助的外展活动和在全国会议上举办研讨会来加强所生成的科学和教育材料的外展和培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值进行评估而被认为值得支持和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Calabrian forearc uplift paced by slab–mantle interactions during subduction retreat

俯冲撤退过程中，卡拉布里亚前弧隆起受到板片与地幔相互作用的影响

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01185-4
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Gallen, Sean F.;Seymour, Nikki M.;Glotzbach, Christoph;Stockli, Daniel F.;O’Sullivan, Paul
• 通讯作者: O’Sullivan, Paul

Erosion and weathering in carbonate regions reveal climatic and tectonic drivers of carbonate landscape evolution

碳酸盐地区的侵蚀和风化揭示了碳酸盐景观演化的气候和构造驱动因素

• DOI: 10.5194/esurf-11-247-2023
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Earth Surface Dynamics
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Ott, Richard;Gallen, Sean F.;Helman, David
• 通讯作者: Helman, David