Collaborative Research: The Interactive Effects of Spatial and Temporal Patch Structure on Faunal Dynamics

合作研究：时空斑块结构对动物群动态的交互影响

基本信息

批准号：
9318060
负责人：
Margaret Palmer
金额：
$ 11.19万
依托单位：
University of Maryland, College Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-09-15 至 1998-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9318060&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Interactive Effects Spatial

项目摘要

9318060 Palmer Theoretical studies have argued that the spatial and temporal arrangement of habitat patches may have a strong influence on population size and persistence in environments that are heterogeneous and/or disturbed. Few experimental studies have addressed the interactive effects of spatial arrangement and patch age on local population dynamics. In this research, the PI's will conduct a set of experiments to determine how the distance between patches and patch age influence the abundances and distributions of patch-dwelling organisms. The test organisms will be stream invertebrates within experimental patches of woody/leafy debris. First, the PI's will determine the spatial scale over which fauna potentially can respond to patch arrangement by measuring species-specific dispersal distances in the field. Next, experiments will be designed to manipulate the distance among patches and patch age, followed by monitoring species responses based on population abundance and distribution. %%% This research is broadly relevant to both theoretical and empirical investigations of patch dynamics and it is of particular interest to lotic ecologists because it addresses how habitat heterogeneity and faunal dispersal in streams interact to ensure population persistence in highly variable environments. in addition, this work will provide one of the first empirical applications of theoretical models which suggest using dispersal ability as a scaling function when studying spatial habitat heterogeneity.

9318060 Palmer理论研究认为，栖息地斑块的空间和时间安排可能会对种群规模和持久性在异质和/或受到干扰的环境中产生强大的影响。很少有实验研究解决了空间排列和斑块年龄对局部人群动态的互动效果。在这项研究中，PI将进行一系列实验，以确定斑块和斑块年龄之间的距离如何影响斑块生物体的丰度和分布。测试生物将是木质/多叶碎片实验斑块中的无脊椎动物。首先，PI将决定通过测量田间物种特异性的分散距离来响应斑块布置的空间尺度。接下来，将设计实验以操纵斑块和斑块年龄之间的距离，然后根据种群丰度和分布监测物种的反应。 %% %%这项研究与斑块动力学的理论和实证研究广泛相关，并且对Lotic生态学家特别感兴趣，因为它解决了流中栖息地的异质性和在流中的栖息地异质性和动物的分散如何相互作用，以确保可变可变环境中的人口持久性。此外，这项工作将提供理论模型的第一个经验应用之一，该模型建议在研究空间栖息地异质性时使用分散能力作为缩放函数。