Global Changes in Trade: Data Collection and Analysis

全球贸易变化：数据收集和分析

• 批准号: 9320817
• 负责人: Robert Feenstra
• 金额: $ 23.6万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9320817&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Global; Changes; Trade; Data; Collection

9320817 Feenstra The rapid rise in global trade during the past decades has fueled world growth, and led to a transformation of developing and developed economies alike. Understanding the sources of international trade, and the impact of policy on trade, continues to be an important topic of academic and government inquiry. Essential to this study are large data sets on trade flows and other aspects of trade that span countries, industries and time, and not only span them but are comparable across countries, industries, and time. Unfortunately, data of this type are not readily available to researchers. Each country collects trade figures for its own purposes, particularly tariff collection and the administration of other trade regulations. Each country's system is different, and has changed over time. Even the collection of many countries' data by the UN according to successive versions of the Standard International trade Classification (SITC) does not produce data that are consistent over time or that fit the industry classifications of the United States or the United Nations. The result is that each trade study involves heavy expenses, and investments of time and effort to manipulate these extremely large data sets and ;put them in analytically useful forms. These expenditures of time and effort are overlapping and duplicative, but despite the expenses involved for researchers and agencies that finance research, there is little carryover or sharing of information, and much effort is wasted. The purpose of this project is to construct, assemble and concord a number of large data sets on international trade and on country commodity and industry characteristics that determine trade flows, and make them widely available. The project will provide well-annotated and convenient trade sets in machine readable form on U.S. imports and exports, world trade, world prices, country resource supplies, and industry inputs. The data on country resource supplies is especially exciting. It could be come a key data source for the study of international trade patterns and global environmental change. These data have also been used to study the determinants of growth in capitalist versus socialist economies. The existing data set contains data on trade flows and such resource characteristics as land differentiated both by use (arable, pasture) and by climatic area for 34 countries in three year intervals from 1958 to 1975. The data exist in published form to permit the number of countries int his database to be expanded from 34 to over 90 with annual coverage to the present.

9320817 Feenstra 过去几十年全球贸易的快速增长推动了世界经济增长，并导致了发展中国家和发达经济体的转型。 了解国际贸易的来源以及政策对贸易的影响仍然是学术界和政府研究的重要话题。 这项研究的关键是跨越国家、行业和时间的贸易流和贸易其他方面的大型数据集，并且不仅跨越它们，而且跨国家、行业和时间具有可比性。 不幸的是，研究人员不容易获得此类数据。 每个国家都出于自己的目的收集贸易数据，特别是关税征收和其他贸易法规的管理。 每个国家的制度都不同，并且随着时间的推移而发生变化。 即使联合国根据连续版本的国际贸易标准分类（SITC）收集许多国家的数据，也无法产生长期一致或符合美国或联合国行业分类的数据。 结果是，每项贸易研究都涉及大量费用以及时间和精力的投入来操纵这些极其庞大的数据集并将其转化为分析上有用的形式。 这些时间和精力的支出是重叠和重复的，但是尽管研究人员和资助研究的机构涉及费用，但信息的结转或共享很少，并且浪费了很多精力。 该项目的目的是构建、汇集和协调大量有关国际贸易以及决定贸易流量的国家商品和行业特征的大型数据集，并使其广泛可用。 该项目将以机器可读的形式提供关于美国进出口、世界贸易、世界价格、国家资源供应和行业投入的注释清晰且方便的贸易集。 有关国家资源供应的数据尤其令人兴奋。 它可能成为研究国际贸易模式和全球环境变化的关键数据源。 这些数据还被用来研究资本主义经济与社会主义经济增长的决定因素。 现有数据集包含 1958 年至 1975 年三年间 34 个国家的贸易流量和按用途（耕地、牧场）和气候面积区分的土地等资源特征的数据。这些数据以公布的形式存在，以便数据库中的国家数量从 34 个扩大到 90 多个，每年覆盖至今。