Estimating Lifeline Disruption from Earthquakes Based on Flood Generated Disruption

9322719希夫1993年中西部洪水为评估生命线中断的影响和确定生命线相互依存关系提供了一个独特的机会。美国中部有可能经历一场灾难性的地震，1811年和1812年的新马德里地震证明了这一点。最近加州和外国地震的经验证明了生命线的脆弱性。在许多情况下，生命线中断对应急反应有显著的负面影响。洪水扰乱了300多个社区的供水和/或下水道系统，扰乱了向发电设施运送煤炭的驳船和铁路运输，并淹没了变电站。虽然洪水对生命线设施的破坏可能与地震中观察到的不同，但洪水和破坏的程度提供了一个机会，可以深入了解该地区大地震造成的生命线中断的影响。生命线组织用来解决问题和隐藏的生命线相互依存关系的程序也可以确定。在这项研究中，将执行三项任务。A)将与爱荷华州得梅因的生命线和应急组织进行面谈，B)将对中断造成影响的特殊情况进行调查，以及C)将对受洪水影响的生命线组织进行邮件调查，以获得对生命线中断影响的更广泛评估。这项关于生命线的研究与美国国家科学基金会的民用基础设施系统研究计划有关。特拉华大学灾害研究中心将开展一个补充项目，以评估生命线故障对企业造成的经济后果。该奖项是根据探索性研究小额赠款计划颁发的。***

9322719 Schiff The Midwest floods of 1993 provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of lifeline disruption and identify lifeline interdependencies. The Central United States has the potential of experiencing a catastrophic earthquake, as demonstrated by the New Madrid Earthquakes of 1811 and 1812. Recent experience in California and foreign earthquakes demonstrates the vulnerability of lifelines. In many instances, lifeline disruption has a significantly negative effect on the emergency response. The floods have disrupted the water and/or sewer systems in over 300 communities, disrupted barge and rail transportation shipments of coal to electric power generating facilities, and flooded power substations. While flood damage to lifeline facilities is likely to be different than that observed in earthquakes, the extent of flooding and disruption provides an opportunity to gain insight into the effects of lifeline disruption from a large earthquake in the region. Procedures used by lifeline organizations for working around problems and hidden interdependencies of lifelines can also be identified. Three tasks will be performed in the conduct of the research. A) interviews will be conducted with lifeline and emergency response organizations in Des Moines, Iowa, B) special situations where disruption has had an impact will be investigated, and C) a mail survey will be conducted of flood impacted lifeline organizations to get a broader assessment of the impact of lifeline disruption. This study of lifelines is related to NSF's Civil Infrastructure Systems Research initiative. A complementary project will be carried out by the Disaster Research Center at the University of Delaware to evaluate the economic consequences to business due to lifeline failures. This award is made under the Small Grants for Exploratory Research program. ***