Czochralski Crystal Growth Process for Organic Nonlinear Crystals

[361815] Ruderman尽管有报道称几种有机非线性单晶与现有最好的无机晶体相比具有极高的性能，但有机非线性晶体目前还没有用于工业、科学或国防和航空航天激光系统。我们认为这主要是由于缺乏足够大尺寸的高质量单晶供应。有机非线性晶体的生长、制造和抛光技术目前还不具备。文献中报道的有机非线性晶体的晶体生长技术是溶液和布里奇曼晶体，复杂化合物的晶体尺寸为几毫米或更小。我们建议开发一种能够生产高完美的大（2至3厘米）晶体的Czochralski晶体生长工艺，开发制造和抛光这种晶体的方法，并在晶体完美性、光学吸收系数、激光损伤、频率转换效率和电光性能方面对其进行表征。据报道，3-甲基-4-甲氧基-4'-硝基二苯乙烯（MMONS）具有最大的非线性数值，将被用作模型晶体，所有的工作都将以该晶体进行。然而，所开发的生长过程和制造技术将适用于广泛的有机非线性晶体。＊＊＊

9361815 Ruderman Although several organic nonlinear single crystals have been reported to have exceptionally high figures of merit compared with the best inorganic crystals available, organic nonlinear crystals are not now being used in industrial, scientific or defense and aerospace laser systems. We attribute this principally to the lack of a supply of high quality single crystals of a large enough size to be useful. The technology for the growth, fabrication and polishing of organic nonlinear crystals is no now available. The crystal growth techniques reported in the literature for organic nonlinear crystals have been solution and Bridgman and crystal sizes for complex compounds have been of the order of a few mm or less. We propose to develop a Czochralski crystal growth process capable of producing large (2 to 3 cm) crystals of high perfection, to develop methods for fabricating and polishing such crystals and to characterize them with respect to crystal perfection, optical absorption coefficients, laser damage, frequency conversion efficiency and electro-optic properties. MMONS (3-Methyl-4-Methoxy-4'-nitrostilbene) which has been reported to have one of the largest nonlinear figures of merit, will be used as a model crystal and all work will be carried out with this crystal. However, the growth process as well as fabrication techniques that are developed will be applicable to a wide range of organic nonlinear crystals. ***