Function of Acoustic Signal Interactions

声学信号相互作用的功能

• 批准号: 9407304
• 负责人: Michael Greenfield
• 金额: $ 14.32万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-01-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9407304&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Function; Acoustic; Signal; Interactions

Many animals that communicate with sound time their calls in relation to their neighbors' calling and collectively produce various forms of synchronous or alternating choruses. Traditionally, these signal interactions have been described as cooperative events that serve to enhance species recognition, reduce attacks by predators or parasitoids attracted to the acoustic signals, or enhance the ability of a group to attract females. Alternatively, a few researchers have suggested that acoustic signal interactions represent some form of competition among individuals. Recently, Dr. Greenfield demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that synchrony and alternation in some sound-producing insects can be explained as by-products of jamming interactions between males competing to broadcast their signals to females. These findings were largely restricted to the experimentally ideal and simple situations of isolated pairs of signalers with comparable signaling strategies. Dr. Greenfield now will extend this work on jamming interactions by studying (1) how males in larger groups, such as found in most natural situations, control the timing of their signals, (2) whether or not individual males differ in how they jam neighbors' signals, and (3) whether or not the possible strategic differences between males depend on their energy reserves and/or the signaling of their neighbors. The orientation of females toward individual males in choruses will also be studied to determine how female choice may influence, and possibly be influenced by, male signal interactions. Dr. Greenfield's findings will provide critical information on neuro-behavioral timing mechanisms, the role of learning in signal interactions, and the complex interplay between female choice and signal-jamming competition between males. Because various sound-producing insects are agricultural pests, the behavioral information from this study may lead to improved control strategies via disruption of pair-forming activities.

许多用声音交流的动物会根据邻居的叫声来计算它们的叫声，并集体发出各种形式的同步或交替合唱。 传统上，这些信号相互作用被描述为合作事件，有助于增强物种识别，减少被声音信号吸引的捕食者或寄生蜂的攻击，或增强群体吸引雌性的能力。 另外，一些研究人员认为声学信号相互作用代表了个体之间某种形式的竞争。 最近，格林菲尔德博士通过实验和理论上证明，一些发声昆虫的同步和交替可以解释为雄性竞争向雌性传播信号时干扰相互作用的副产品。 这些发现很大程度上局限于实验上理想和简单的情况，即具有可比信号策略的孤立信号对。 格林菲尔德博士现在将通过研究（1）较大群体中的雄性（例如在大多数自然情况下）如何控制其信号的时间，（2）个体雄性在干扰邻居信号的方式上是否存在差异，以及（3）雄性之间可能的策略差异是否取决于它们的能量储备和/或邻居的信号传递来扩展这项关于干扰相互作用的工作。 合唱团中女性对男性个体的取向也将被研究，以确定女性选择如何影响男性信号相互作用，并可能受到男性信号相互作用的影响。 格林菲尔德博士的研究结果将为神经行为计时机制、学习在信号相互作用中的作用以及女性选择与男性之间的信号干扰竞争之间复杂的相互作用提供重要信息。 由于各种发声昆虫都是农业害虫，因此本研究的行为信息可能会通过破坏配对活动来改进控制策略。