Broad Band Crust/Upper Mantle Studies Around New Zealand

小行星9418343 该项目与一个已经获得资助的大陆动力学项目有关，该项目由南加州大学的托马斯亨耶和大卫冈谷指导，题为“现代大陆-大陆碰撞造山带的地球物理调查：新西兰南阿尔卑斯山”（简称主项目）。 主要项目集中在南岛，包括陆上反射断面、陆上/海上折射/广角反射断面和以当地地震活动和地震活动为中心的被动地震研究。 最后一个组成部分是在南岛部署6个月的宽带仪器，以记录当地地震和震源机制、SKS各向异性和南岛正下方的深部地幔结构的地震。 该项目旨在通过在南岛以东的查塔姆岛、北岛的奥克兰附近、与澳大利亚国立大学的Brian肯内特教授合作在澳大利亚东南部以及南岛部署台站，提供更广泛的区域覆盖面，共计11-12个台站。 这些监测站将部署14个月，部分部署与主要项目的部署重叠。 具体问题是：（1）与新西兰造山带有关的岩石圈变形的横向范围是什么？ 它是否涉及造山带两侧地幔物质的流动？(2)在南岛西部发现的上地幔各向异性的确切性质是什么？ 它是与新西兰板块有关，还是在新西兰西北部的太平洋板块下流动？(3)查塔姆隆起和豪勋爵隆起下面的深层结构是什么？ 是否存在驱动地幔动力学的深部横向差异？ (4)南岛下面是否有高速（和高密度）区？ 它们的横向范围是什么？ ***

9418343 WU This project is related to an already funded Continental Dynamics project directed by Thomas Henyey and David Okaya of the University of Southern California (USC), titled "Geophysical Investigation of a modern Continent-Continent Collisional Orogen: The Southern Alps, New Zealand" (referred to as the main project). The main project concentrates on the South Island, with an onshore reflection transect, onshore/offshore refraction/wide angle reflection transect and a passive seismic study using local seismicity and teleseisms as the center pieces. The last component involves a six months deployment of broad band instruments on the South Island to record local earthquakes and teleseisms for focal mechanisms, SKS anisotropy and deep mantle structures directly under the South Island. This project aims to provide a broader regional coverage by deploying stations on Chatham Island east of South Island; near Auckland, North Island; in Southeast Australia, in cooperation with Prof. Brian Kennett of Australian National University; and on the South Island, for a total of 11-12 stations. The stations would be deployed for 14 months, with part of the deployment overlapping with that of the main project. The specific questions to be addressed are: (1) What is the lateral extent of the lithospheric deformation associated with the New Zealand orogeny? Does it involve flow of mantle materials on both sides of the orogen? (2) What is the precise nature of the upper mantle anisotropy that has been discovered to the west of the South Island? Is it related to the New Zealand orogeny or to flow under the Pacific plate to the northwest of New Zealand? (3) What are the deeper structures under the Chatham Rise and the Lord Howe Rise? Are there deep lateral differences that drive mantle dynamics? (4) Are there high velocity (and high density) zones under the South Island? What is their lateral extent? ***