Aqueous Phase Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Contaminants

有机污染物的水相催化氧化

• 批准号: 9460162
• 负责人: James Akse
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Umpqua Research Company
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-01-01 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9460162&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Aqueous; Phase; Catalytic; Oxidation; Organic

Recently it has been shown in the laboratory that various organic contaminants can be mineralized in the aqueous phase using dioxygen over noble metal catalysts at temperatures between 120o - 160Ý C. The work to date has been an outgrowth of regenerative life support research funded in support of manned space exploration. Contaminants studied have been those typical of contaminated water streams aboard spacecraft such as hygiene waters, humidity condensates, and urine distillates. The organic compounds occurring in highest quantity in these contaminated waters are low molecular weight alcohols, carboxylic acids, and urea. The experimental results have indicated deep oxidation of mixed contaminant streams containing dissolved organic compounds at concentrations between 10 - 50 mg/L in a single pass through a plug flow reactor. Studies comparing this technique with other methods of organic contaminant reduction such as photocatalysis, UV oxidation, and photoelectric oxidation have shown heterogeneous catalysis to be vastly more effective in terms of reactor size and residence time requirements. The extension of this technique to organic contaminants which commonly pollute ground and surface waters is proposed. Following demonstration of feasibility in Phase I, the Phase II program will study a wider range of contaminants, evaluate alternative oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and ozone, work toward maximization of catalyst activity, investigate minimization of vulnerability to catalyst deactivation, and optimize reactor design and operational factors.

最近在实验室中已经证明，在120 ° C-160 ° C之间的温度下，在贵金属催化剂上使用分子氧可以在水相中矿化各种有机污染物。迄今为止，这项工作是为支持载人航天探索而资助的再生生命支持研究的产物。所研究的污染物是航天器上受污染水流的典型污染物，如卫生沃茨、湿气冷凝物和尿液蒸馏物。在这些污染的沃茨中含量最高的有机化合物是低分子量的醇、羧酸和尿素。实验结果表明，含有浓度在10 - 50 mg/L之间的溶解的有机化合物的混合污染物流在单程通过活塞流反应器中的深度氧化。研究比较这种技术与其他方法的有机污染物的减少，如紫外线氧化，光电氧化已显示多相催化反应器的大小和停留时间的要求是非常有效的。建议将这一技术推广到通常污染地下和地表沃茨的有机污染物。在第一阶段的可行性论证之后，第二阶段计划将研究更广泛的污染物，评估过氧化氢和臭氧等替代氧化剂，努力实现催化剂活性的最大化，研究催化剂失活的脆弱性最小化，并优化反应器设计和操作因素。