Endothermy in Fish: Thermogenesis, Physiological Ecology and Evolution

鱼类的吸热性：生热作用、生理生态学和进化

• 批准号: 9507499
• 负责人: Barbara Block
• 金额: $ 29.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-15 至 2000-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9507499&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Endothermy; Fish; Thermogenesis; Physiological; Ecology

9507499 Rapid exchange of heat across the gills prevents most fish from being warmer than the water in which they swim. The scombroid fish (mackerels, tunas, marlins and swordfish) are a group of about 100 species in which endothermy, the ability to keep some tissues (muscles, brain, eyes, digestive systems) warmer than the surrounding sea water, has evolved several times. This research will examine the mechanisms and adaptive significance of such endothermy in these fish at levels ranging from molecular analyses to oceanographic studies at sea. The biochemistry of changes in skeletal muscle that increase its ability to generate heat will be determined. Laboratory and field measurements of free-swimming warm-bodied tunas and closely related fish that are not endothermic will test hypotheses about the advantages of endothermy. The physiological and ecological significance of having warm body muscles or a "brain heater" will be studied by examining the movements and thermal ecology of free-swimming endothermic fish. These data will show how endothermy influences muscular performance, locomotor capabilities and ecological diversity in scombroid fish. It will contribute to understanding of the advantages of increasing the temperature at which tissues and organs operate. The multidisciplinary approach integrates information from molecular, cellular, ecological and evolutionary studies. It will lead to a better understanding of the advantages of endothermy, its ecological importance, and its impact on the ecological diversity of marine fish.

9507499 通过鳃的快速热交换防止大多数鱼比它们游泳的水更温暖。 鲭鱼（鲭鱼，金枪鱼，马林鱼和旗鱼）是一组约100种，其中内温性， 的能力 以保持一些组织（肌肉，大脑， 眼睛，消化系统）比周围的海水温暖，已经进化了好几次。 这项研究将在从分子分析到海洋学研究的各个层面上研究这些鱼类中这种恒温性的机制和适应意义。 将确定增加骨骼肌产热能力的变化的生物化学。 实验室和现场测量的自由游泳的暖体金枪鱼和密切相关的鱼类是不吸热将测试假设的优势，吸热。 通过研究自由游动的吸热鱼的运动和热生态，研究具有温暖的身体肌肉或“大脑加热器”的生理和生态意义。 这些数据将显示 如何 恒温影响 肌肉性能、运动能力和生态多样性。 这将有助于理解提高组织和器官工作温度的好处。 的 多学科 方法 集信息 从分子，细胞， 生态 和进化研究。它将导致更好地了解内温性的优势，其生态重要性，以及对海洋鱼类生态多样性的影响。