Legal Authority in a Diverse Society: The Psychology of Cross-Ethnic Authority

多元化社会中的法律权威：跨种族权威的心理

• 批准号: 9511719
• 负责人: Tom Tyler
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-01 至 1999-08-05
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9511719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Legal; Authority; Diverse; Society; Psychology

9511719 Tyler Recent events as well as the long-standing problems of relations between legal authorities and disadvantaged groups illustrate the special problems that arise when authority structures extend across the boundaries of social diversity. This research begins from a central, important question: how are legitimacy and acceptance of authority achieved in ethnically-diverse societies, especially in that of the United States? Previous research has shown that use of fair procedures is one of the most effective ways for authorities to assure that they are viewed as legitimate. But it has not dealt effectively with how social diversity affects judgments of fairness of treatment and acceptance of legal authorities. This project will begin to remedy this by comparing how people react to authorities similar to or different from them along salient social dimensions. Findings from focus groups will be integrated with existing theory on the psychology of authority to develop interview questions. Interviews will then be conducted with 1,000 California residents drawn from four different ethnic groups to investigate recent encounters with authorities of the same or different ethnicity as the respondent, as well as numerous other matters. A laboratory experiment will be conducted to test the causal relations suggested by the survey. The project has the potential to guide the development of policy governing the behavior of authorities that will enhance the prospects that their decisions will gain acceptance or legitimacy. %%%% This research begins from a central, important question: how are legitimacy and acceptance of authority achieved in ethnically-diverse societies, especially in that of the United States? Previous research has shown that use of fair procedures is one of the most effective ways for authorities to assure that they are viewed as legitimate. But it has not dealt effectively with how social diversity affects judgments of fairness of treatment and acceptance of legal a uthorities. This project will begin to remedy this by comparing how people react to authorities similar to or different from them along salient social dimensions. Findings from focus groups will be integrated with existing theory on the psychology of authority to develop interview questions. Interviews will then be conducted with 1,000 California residents drawn from four different ethnic groups to investigate recent encounters with authorities of the same or different ethnicity as the respondent, as well as numerous other matters. A laboratory experiment will be conducted to test the causal relations suggested by the survey. The project has the potential to guide the development of policy governing the behavior of authorities that will enhance the prospects that their decisions will gain acceptance or legitimacy. ****

[9511719]泰勒最近发生的事件以及法律当局和弱势群体之间关系的长期问题表明，当权威结构跨越社会多样性的界限时，就会出现特殊问题。这项研究从一个核心而重要的问题开始：在种族多元化的社会中，尤其是在美国，权威的合法性和接受度是如何实现的？先前的研究表明，使用公平程序是当局确保其合法性的最有效方法之一。但是，它并没有有效地处理社会多样性如何影响公平对待和接受法律权威的判断。本项目将通过比较人们对与他们相似或不同的权威在突出的社会层面上的反应来弥补这一点。焦点小组的调查结果将与权威心理学的现有理论相结合，以制定面试问题。然后将对来自四个不同种族的1000名加州居民进行访谈，以调查最近与被调查者相同或不同种族的当局的接触，以及许多其他事项。将进行一项实验室实验来检验调查所提出的因果关系。该项目有可能指导制定管理当局行为的政策，从而提高其决定获得接受或合法性的前景。%%%%这项研究从一个核心的、重要的问题开始：在种族多样化的社会中，尤其是在美国，权威的合法性和接受度是如何实现的？先前的研究表明，使用公平程序是当局确保其合法性的最有效方法之一。但它没有有效地处理社会多样性如何影响公平对待的判断和接受法律权威。本项目将通过比较人们对与他们相似或不同的权威在突出的社会层面上的反应来弥补这一点。焦点小组的调查结果将与权威心理学的现有理论相结合，以制定面试问题。然后将对来自四个不同种族的1000名加州居民进行访谈，以调查最近与被调查者相同或不同种族的当局的接触，以及许多其他事项。将进行一项实验室实验来检验调查所提出的因果关系。该项目有可能指导制定管理当局行为的政策，从而提高其决定获得接受或合法性的前景。* * * *